Prostate Cell News Volume 8.02 | Jan 20 2017

TOP STORY

Neuropilin-1 Is Upregulated in the Adaptive Response of Prostate Tumors to Androgen-Targeted Therapies and Is Prognostic of Metastatic Progression and Patient Mortality

Using short hairpin RNA-mediated suppression of neuropilin-1 (NRP1), the authors demonstrated that NRP1 regulates the mesenchymal phenotype of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer cell models and the invasive and metastatic dissemination of tumor cells in vivo. [Oncogene] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Tumor Suppressor SPOP Ubiquitinates and Degrades EglN2 to Compromise Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells

Investigators demonstrated that dysregulation of EglN2 facilitated prostate cancer growth both in cells and in vivo. Notably, EglN2 was identified as highly expressed in human prostate cancer tissues. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

Androgen Mediated Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation and its Effects on Prostate Cancer

Researchers described that the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway is regulated by androgen, where its inhibitor SVIP was downregulated, all other ERAD genes were upregulated. [Sci Rep] Full Article

A Novel Spontaneous Model of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Using a Primary Prostate Cancer Derived Cell Line Demonstrating Distinct Stem-Like Characteristics

Scientists reported the development of a new, spontaneous model of EMT which involves four phenotypically distinct clones derived from a primary tumor-derived human prostate cancer cell line, and its use to explore relationships between EMT and the generation of cancer stem cells in prostate cancer. [Sci Rep] Full Article

PAFR Selectively Mediates Radioresistance and Irradiation-Induced Autophagy Suppression in Prostate Cancer Cells

The authors defined the platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) as a yielding new inhibiting target to selectively enhance the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to radiation. They also determined PAFR as a molecular basis by which the radiation induces autophagy suppression independent of activating mTOR pathway. [Oncotarget] Full Article

A New Model of Multi-Visceral and Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Perivascular Niche Targeting by a Novel Endothelial Specific Adenoviral Vector

Investigators discovered that the Gleason 7 derived, androgen receptor negative, IGR-CaP1 cell line possessed some but not all of the molecular features of aggressive variant prostate cancer. Intracardiac injection into NOD/SCID/IL2Rg^-/- mice produced a completely penetrant bone, liver, adrenal, and brain metastatic phenotype; noninvasively and histologically detectable at two weeks, and necessitating sacrifice four to five weeks post injection. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Bone Microenvironment Changes in Latexin Expression Promote Chemoresistance

Although docetaxel (DOX) is the standard of care for advanced prostate cancer (PCa), most patients develop resistance to DOX. Therefore, elucidating the mechanism that underlies resistance to DOX is critical to enhance therapeutic intervention. Researchers mined cDNA microarray from the PC-3 PCa cell line and its DOX-resistant derivative revealed decreased latexin expression in the resistant cells. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

Usnic Acid and Atranorin Exert Selective Cytostatic and Anti-Invasive Effects on Human Prostate and Melanoma Cancer Cells

Scientists focused on the impact of the two lichen metabolites, on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis and motile activity and actin cytoskeleton organization of melanoma HTB-140, prostate cancers DU-145 and PC-3, normal human skin fibroblasts and prostate epithelial PNT2 cells, with special emphasis to their selectivity and versatility. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

Lectin PCL Inhibits the Warburg Effect of PC3 Cells by Combining with EGFR and Inhibiting HK2

Researchers reported that PCL could lower glucose consumption and lactate production, shift the Warburg effect by inhibiting the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2) in PC3 cells and the suppression of HK2 by siRNA reversed the effect of PCL on glucose consumption and lactate production. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Cripto-1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

The authors proved that Cripto-1 (CR-1) was expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) and its function was in the progression of PCa. Compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, they confirmed that PCa tissues had high expression of CR-1 by immunohistochemistry and statistical data showed that CR-1 promoted properties of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in PCa tissues, including the downregulation of the cell adhesion molecules β-catenin and E-cadherin while upregulating transcription factors β-catenin. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Regulation of PI3K Effector Signaling in Cancer by the Phosphoinositide Phosphatases

The authors discuss how PTEN, PIPP and INPP4B distinctly regulate phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate signaling downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and how dysregulation of these phosphatases impacts on cancer outcomes. [Biosci Rep] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Panacea Pharmaceuticals Initiates Phase I Study of First-in-Class Cancer Vaccine Therapy Candidate in Patients with Persistent Prostate Cancer

Panacea Pharmaceuticals announced that the first patient has been enrolled and dosed in the open-label, parallel designed, multi-center Phase I clinical trial of PAN-301-1 for the treatment of persistent prostate cancer to assess safety and immunogenicity. [Panacea Pharmaceuticals] Press Release

Support for Chicago Biomedical Consortium Renewed

The Searle Funds at The Chicago Community Trust has renewed its funding commitment to the Chicago Biomedical Consortium, an innovative research and education collaboration of Northwestern University, the University of Illinois at Chicago and the University of Chicago that has helped establish the Chicago area as a leader in biomedical sciences. [Northwestern University] Press Release

NIH Director Francis Collins Staying on — For Now

President-elect Donald Trump has decided to retain Francis Collins as director of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) — at least temporarily. It is not clear whether Trump will formally reappoint Collins, or whether Collins will stay in his job only until Trump appoints a permanent director. [Nature News] Editorial

Mystery as Controversial List of Predatory Publishers Disappears

A popular blog that lists “potential, possible, or probable predatory” publishers and journals has disappeared, but it is not clear why. A University of Colorado in Denver spokesperson told ScienceInsider that Beall made a “personal decision” to take down his list of low-quality journals that charge authors a fee to publish, often with little or no review or editing. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Gene-Edited Animals Face US Regulatory Crackdown

Researchers transforming animals with the latest genome-engineering tools may be disappointed by draft rules released by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The most controversial of three proposed regulations declares that all animals whose genomes have been intentionally altered will be examined for safety and efficacy in a process similar to that for new drugs. Many researchers had hoped that the FDA would be less stringent about evaluating organisms whose genomes have been edited with precise tools — such as CRISPR and a separate technique called TALENs — than it is for animals that have been given DNA from different species or created using less-sophisticated means. [Nature News] Editorial

Billion-Dollar Project Aims to Prep Vaccines before Epidemics Hit

SARS, Zika, Ebola – when some of the world’s most terrifying disease outbreaks occur, health workers often find themselves powerless. A billion-dollar initiative aims to change that situation by pre-emptively developing and stockpiling vaccines to combat potential epidemic threats. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conference – Cancer Nanotechnology
June 18-23, 2017
West Dover, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Assistant/Associate Professor – Urology (Northwestern University)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate/Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Translational Cancer Disparities Research (Duke Cancer Institute)

Head of Department – Cancer Genetics (Oslo University Hospital)

Associate Member – Stem Cell/Gene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Carcinogenesis (The University of Alabama)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Oncology (Institute of Oncology Research)

Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics of Cancer (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine)

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