Prostate Cell News Volume 8.03 | Jan 27 2017

TOP STORY

Dissecting Cell-Type-Specific Roles of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Homeostasis and Regeneration through Lineage Tracing

The authors showed that the androgen receptor (AR) is dispensable for basal cell maintenance, but is cell-autonomously required for the luminal differentiation of rare basal stem cells. In contrast, AR deletion in luminal cells alters cell morphology and induces transient over-proliferation, without affecting androgen-mediated luminal cell survival or regeneration. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

MicroRNA-141 Suppresses Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Metastasis by Targeting a Cohort of Pro-Metastasis Genes

Scientists showed that one of the microRNA (miR)-200 family members, miR-141, is under-expressed in several prostate cancer stem/progenitor cell populations in both xenograft and primary patient tumors. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release | Video

Antagonists of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Inhibit Proliferation Induced by Inflammation in Prostatic Epithelial Cells

Researchers investigated the effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist on prostatic enlargement induced by inflammation. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Thrombospondin-2 Promotes Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis by the Up-Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 through Down-Regulating miR-376c Expression

The authors determined the expression of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) on prostate cancer progression in the tissue array by immunohistochemistry. The molecular mechanism of TSP-2 on prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis was investigated through pharmaceutical inhibitors, siRNAs, and miRNAs analyses. The role of TSP-2 on PCa metastasis in vivo was verified through xenograft in vivo imaging system. [J Hematol Oncol] Full Article

MicroRNA-466 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer by Direct Regulation of Osteogenic Transcription Factor RUNX2

Investigators employed multimodal strategy based on in-house prostate cancer (PCa) clinical samples, publicly available TCGA cohorts, a panel of cell lines, in silico analyses, and a series of in vitro and in vivo assays to investigate the role of miR-466 in PCa. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Progression-Related Loss of Stromal Caveolin 1 Levels Fosters the Growth of Human PC3 Xenografts and Mediates Radiation Resistance

Researchers examined the impact of stromal caveolin-1 (Cav1) expression for tumor growth and sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Silencing of Cav1 expression in PC3 cells resulted in increased tumor growth and a reduced growth delay after IR when compared to tumors generated by Cav1-expressing PC3 cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Proteomics Analyses of Prostate Cancer Cells Reveals Cellular Pathways Associated with Androgen Resistance

To dissect the mechanism of androgen resistance, the authors utilized a proteomics approach to study the development of androgen resistance in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Their results showed the predominant involvement of metabolic pathways that were elevated in androgen resistance phenotype. [Proteomics] Abstract

Marine-Derive Chromopeptide A, a Novel Class I HDAC Inhibitor, Suppresses Human Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration

Scientists determined whether chromopeptide A acted as a class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitor, and whether chromopeptide A could inhibit the growth and migration of human prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract

Knockdown of Mediator Complex Subunit 19 Suppresses the Growth and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells

By using immunohistochemical staining, investigators found higher expression level of mediator complex subunit 19 (Med19) in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues than in adjacent benign prostate tissues. They then knocked down the Med19 expression in PCa cell lines LNCaP and PC3 by using lentivirus siRNA. [PLoS One] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Gleason Score 7 Prostate Cancers Emerge through Branched Evolution of Clonal Gleason Pattern 3 and 4

Researchers used whole exome sequencing and transcriptome profiling of laser-capture microdissected adjacent Gleason pattern 3 (Gp3) and cribiform Gp4 to determine the relationship between these entities. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

Stromal Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Development and Progression

Researchers explore the relationship between androgen receptor (AR) signaling in fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and prostate cancer cells in the primary site, and detail the known functions, actions, and mechanisms of fibroblast AR signaling. [Cancers] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Foresee Pharmaceuticals Announces Top-Line Results from Phase III Registration Study in Advanced Prostate Cancer

Foresee Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. announced the top-line result of FP-001 LMIS 50mg Phase III clinical trial, an open-label, single-arm study in subjects with advanced prostate carcinoma. The primary efficacy end point was achieved in 97.0% of subjects. [Foresee Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.] Press Release

Statement From FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, M.D. Announcing FDA Oncology Center of Excellence Launch

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) established the Oncology Center of Excellence and appointed Dr. Richard Pazdur as its director. This will make oncology the first disease area to have a coordinated clinical review of drugs, biologics and devices across the agency’s three medical product centers. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release

Proposed U.S. Biotech Rules Raise Industry Hopes and Anxieties

Makers of genetically engineered products have long been on the lookout for changes in U.S. regulations. The system that divvies up the safety review of these products between the Food and Drug Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Department of Agriculture is in the middle of a years-long overhaul, in part to accommodate modern gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR. And a set of new proposals released last week offers hints about what those agencies still hope to change. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Trump Agenda Threatens US Legacy of Science Diplomacy

A newly minted leader with no experience governing at home or establishing policy abroad now oversees the United States’ vast diplomatic enterprise. US President Donald Trump has a deep bench of scientific and technical expertise to tap across multiple government agencies — but it is not clear that he will use it. [Nature News] Editorial

World’s Foremost Institute on Death and Disease Metrics Gets Massive Cash Boost

The world’s premier center for health metrics — the science of measuring and analyzing global health problems, and how they relate to healthcare and biomedical research funding — will receive a US$279-million cash injection from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The cash will go towards expanding the institute’s work over the next decade and consolidating its primacy in the field. It is considered by far the biggest and most influential research center for health metrics, and its work informs the funding and policy decisions of many national governments and local, regional and global organizations, including the World Bank and the US National Institutes of Health. [Nature News] Editorial

Russia Ditches Plan to Increase Spending on HIV/AIDS

The Russian Health Ministry has decided that the country cannot afford to spend $1.2 billion that was supposed to go toward ramping up the response to its burgeoning HIV/AIDS epidemic. The money would have helped both slow HIV’s spread and treat infected people with antiretrovirals over the next 4 years. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conference: Cell Growth & Proliferation
July 9-14, 2017
Mount Snow, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Colorectal and Prostate Cancer (Institute of Cancer Research)

NEW Research Associate – Protein Chemistry (King’s College London)

Assistant/Associate Professor – Urology (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate/Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Translational Cancer Disparities Research (Duke Cancer Institute)

Head of Department – Cancer Genetics (Oslo University Hospital)

Associate Member – Stem Cell/Gene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Oncology (Institute of Oncology Research)

Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics of Cancer (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Prostate Cell News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.