Prostate Cell News Volume 8.05 | Feb 10 2017

TOP STORY

Synthetic Essentiality of Chromatin Remodeling Factor CHD1 in PTEN-Deficient Cancer

Scientists sought to identify ‘synthetic-essential’ genes: those that are occasionally deleted in some cancers but are almost always retained in the context of a specific tumor-suppressor deficiency. This approach uncovered the chromatin helicase DNA-binding factor CHD1 as a putative synthetic-essential gene in PTEN-deficient cancers. In PTEN-deficient prostate and breast cancers, CHD1 depletion profoundly and specifically suppressed cell proliferation, cell survival and tumorigenic potential. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

RhoA Knockout Fibroblasts Lose Tumor-Inhibitory Capacity In Vitro and Promote Tumor Growth In Vivo

The authors showed that knocking out the Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) gene in normal fibroblasts decreased their tumor-inhibitory capacity, as judged by neighbor suppression in vitro and accompanied by promotion of tumor growth in vivo. This also induced PC3 cancer cell motility and increased colony size in 2D cultures. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article

Physical and Functional Interactions between ELL2 and RB in the Suppression of Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion

Researchers explored physical and functional interaction of elongation factor, RNA polymerase II, 2 (ELL2) with retinoblastoma (RB) in prostate cancer. They found that ELL2 expression was downregulated in high–Gleason score prostate cancer specimens. [Neoplasia] Abstract | Full Article

Knockdown of TRIM44 Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion in Prostate Cancer Cells

Investigators analyzed the expression of tripartite motif 44 (TRIM44) in prostate cancer and assessed the role of TRIM44 in the progression of prostate cancer. Their results showed that the expression of TRIM44 was significantly up-regulated in human prostate cancer cell lines. [Oncol Res] Full Article

Anti-Androgen 2-Hydroxyflutamide Modulates Cadherin, Catenin and Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation in Androgen-Sensitive LNCaP and Androgen-Independent PC3 Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Acting via PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2 Pathways

Scientists aimed to investigate the rapid effect of anti-androgen 2-hydroxyflutamide (HF) on cadherin/catenin complex and androgen receptor phosphorylation in prostate cancer cell lines. They demonstrated that in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells HF induced rapid increase of E-cadherin phosphorylation at Ser 838/840 in MAPK/ERK1/2-dependent manner, whereas phosphorylation of β-catenin at Tyr654 was unchanged. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

Sphingosine Kinase-1 Involves the Inhibitory Action of HIF-1α by Chlorogenic Acid in Hypoxic DU145 Cells

The authors assessed Crataegus Pinnatifida Bunge var. typical Schneider ethanol extract (CPE) for its anti-cancer effects in hypoxia-induced DU145 human prostate cancer cell line. CPE decreased the abundance of HIF-1α and sphingosine kinase-1 in hypoxia-induced prostate cancer DU145 cells. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Role of Connexin 43 in Cadmium-Induced Proliferation of Human Prostate Epithelial Cells

Investigators exposed the human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1 to Cd. A low dose of Cd stimulated cell proliferation along with a lower degree of gap junction intercellular communication and an elevated level of the protein connexin (Cx)43. Cd exposure increased the levels of intracellular Ca²⁺ and phosphorylated Cx43 at the Ser368 site. [J Appl Toxicol] Abstract

Altholactone Inhibits NF-κB and STAT3 Activation and Induces Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer DU145 Cells

Researchers aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of altholactone against prostate cancer DU145 cells and to evaluate whether its effects are mediated by inhibition of NF-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity. Altholactone inhibited proliferation of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest in S phase and triggered apoptosis. [Molecules] Full Article

Lasalocid Induces Cytotoxic Apoptosis and Cytoprotective Autophagy through Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells

To better understand lasalocid’s effect in human prostate cancer cells, apoptosis and autophagy associated with possible signal pathways in vitro was examined. The authors’ study showed that lasalocid mediated cell cycle arrest in G₀/G₁ phase by reducing G₁ phase dependent proteins, indicating entering into apoptotic cell death pathway. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Genome-Wide Association Study of Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels Identifies Novel Loci Independent of Prostate Cancer

The authors present findings from a genome-wide association study of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in 28,503 Kaiser Permanente white males and 17,428 men from replication cohorts. They detect 40 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms: 19 novel, 15 previously identified for PSA, and 6 previously identified for prostate cancer only. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

Comparing the Rules of Engagement of Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptors

The authors compare how the androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor interact with DNA and chromatin; how they evoke tissue-specific transcriptional responses and in how far they have interchangeable functions, for instance, in prostate cancer. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Cancer Research UK Announces Inaugural Grand Challenge Teams to Answer the Biggest Questions in Cancer

Cancer Research UK announces that four international teams are the first recipients of its global £100 million Grand Challenge competition, which aims to overcome the biggest challenges facing cancer researchers in a global effort to beat cancer sooner. [Cancer Research UK] Press Release | Video

ESSA Receives US$4.0 Million Grant Payment from Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas

ESSA Pharma Inc. announced the receipt of a US$4.0 million payment from the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas. The payment is part of a total non-dilutive grant of US$12 million, repayable out of potential product revenues. [ESSA Pharma Inc.] Press Release

GenomeDx Announces Research Collaboration with Astellas to Identify Genomic Drivers of Patient Response to XTANDI^® (enzalutamide) Capsules

GenomeDx Biosciences announced that it has entered into a research collaboration with Astellas to apply genomic tumor profiling using GenomeDx’s Decipher^® Classifier and Decipher GRID^® as a potential aid in the identification of prostate cancer patients undergoing active surveillance who may benefit from treatment with XTANDI^®. [GenomeDx Biosciences] Press Release

Senate Confirms Price to Lead HHS

Former Representative Tom Price was confirmed as secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) by the U.S. Senate. Price now takes the helm of a $1 trillion government department that includes the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Food and Drug Administration. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

U.S. Senate Bill Aims to Make Sure Federal Scientists Aren’t ‘Muzzled’

Congressional Democrats are rallying behind a bill to protect federal scientists from attempts to interfere with scientific discourse and dissemination of research results. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

The Marches for Science, on One Global Interactive Map

Weinberg, Berman, and an anthropology doctoral student Valorie Aquino, officially announced that a March for Science would be held on 22 April in Washington, D.C. Science advocates in more than 100 cities around the world say they will hold allied demonstrations the same day. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Drug Discovery & Therapy World Congress 2017
July 10-13, 2017
Boston, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – RNA Biology (Thomas Jefferson University)

NEW Professor/Associate Professor – Prostate Cancer Research (Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Chicago)

Bioinformatician – Prostate Cancer (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Colorectal and Prostate Cancer (Institute of Cancer Research)

Assistant/Associate Professor – Urology (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate Cancer (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate/Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Translational Cancer Disparities Research (Duke Cancer Institute)

Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics of Cancer (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine)

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