Prostate Cell News Volume 8.27 | Jul 21 2017

TOP STORY

Nuclear mTOR Acts as a Transcriptional Integrator of the Androgen Signaling Pathway in Prostate Cancer

Scientists revealed the existence of a nuclear mTOR–androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional axis integral to the metabolic rewiring of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. In models of castration-resistant PCa cells, mTOR was capable of transcriptionally regulating metabolic gene programs in the absence of androgens, highlighting a potential novel castration resistance mechanism to sustain cell metabolism even without a functional AR. [Genes Dev] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

O-GlcNAcylation Modulates Bmi-1 Protein Stability and Potential Oncogenic Function in Prostate Cancer

Researchers used co-immunoprecipitation to show that in the C4-2 cell line, Bmi-1 directly interacted with OGT which is the only known enzyme catalyzed the O-GlcNAcylation in humans. They identified that Ser255 is the site for Bmi-1 O-GlcNAcylation, and O-GlcNAcylation promoted Bmi-1 protein stability and its oncogenic activity. [Oncogene] Abstract

Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression through Activating the Cdc42-PAK1 Axis

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) is one of the most important uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) toxins and its role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression has never been studied. Investigators found that UPEC-secreted CNF1 promoted the migration and invasion of PCa cells and PCa metastasis. [J Pathol] Abstract

Developing New Targeting Strategy for Androgen Receptor Variants in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer

Researchers showed a novel class of agents that could significantly suppress the expression of androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) mRNA and protein but in a less extent on the full-length AR expression. In vivo, TST-D exhibited a potent tumor inhibitory effect on human castration resistant prostate cancer xenografts leading to cell apoptosis. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

Core Shell Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles with Combined Docetaxel and Molecular Targeted Therapy for the Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Scientists developed core shell lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles with a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) core and lipid layer containing docetaxel and the clinically used inhibitor of sphingosine kinase 1, FTY720. They showed for the first time that FTY720 re-sensitized castrate resistant prostate cancer cells and tumors to docetaxel, allowing a four-fold reduction in the effective dose. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Low-Frequency Ultrasound-Induced VEGF Suppression and Synergy with Dendritic Cell-Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity in Murine Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro

The authors investigated whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) participates in dendritic cell suppression in murine prostate cancer cells, down-regulated VEGF expression using low-frequency ultrasound and microbubbles, and further explored any synergistic effect on immunological activation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Characterization of Adenoviral Transduction Profile in Prostate Cancer Cells and Normal Prostate Tissue

Investigators explored the transduction efficiency of adeno virus (Ad) in prostate cancer cells and normal prostate tissue. Their data showed that Ad efficiently transduced human and mouse prostate cancer cells in vitro in a dose dependent manner. Following intratumoral and intraprostate injection, Ad could efficiently transduce prostate tumor xenograft and the major prostatic cell types in vivo, respectively. [Prostate] Abstract

The Extract from Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Peel Induces Apoptosis and Impairs Metastasis in Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers investigated the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PoPx) on the apoptosis and metastasis of prostate cancer cells and the related mechanism. They found that PoPx showed growth inhibition on prostate cancer cells. Further investigation indicated that mitochondrial mediated intrinsic pathway is involved in the apoptosis. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract

Hydroxytyrosol Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells

The authors evaluated the anticancer activity of hydroxytyrosol (HT) against prostate cancer cells, and the mechanism thereof. Treatment of LNCaP and C4-2 prostate cancer cells with HT resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Effect of Radical Prostatectomy on Levels of Cancer Related Epitopes in Circulating Macrophages of Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer

Scientists prospectively assessed the effect of surgical removal of the prostate on levels of apoptosis related protein DNaseX (Apo10) and transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) in blood macrophages using epitope detection in monocytes. Following radical prostatectomy, 77.7% and 81.9% patients in the cohort of patients with blood collection before and after prostatectomy showed a decrease of Apo10 and TKTL1 expressing monocytes. [Prostate] Abstract

Overcoming Oncogenic Mediated Tumor Immunity in Prostate Cancer

The authors address the hypothesis that driver oncogenic signaling pathways regulate cancer progression, tumor immunity and resistance to current immune therapeutics in prostate cancer. They propose that increased responsiveness may be achieved through the combined use of immunotherapies and inhibitors targeting tumor cell autonomous pathways that contribute towards anti-tumor immunity in patients with prostate cancer. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

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Preclinical Study Presented

ANGLE plc. announced the presentation of independent study data by Western University on circulating tumor cell (CTC) analysis in preclinical models of cancer metastasis. They used three approaches – Flow Cytometry, CellSearch^®, and Parsortix – to capture and isolate CTCs of mouse models with breast and prostate cancer. [Press release from ANGLE plc. discussing research presented at the 5^th Annual Tumor Models Summit, Boston] Press Release

Minomic Launches US Prospective Study of MiCheck^® Prostate Cancer Test

Minomic International Ltd. has initiated a prospective US trial of its MiCheck^® prostate cancer screening test. This trial will further verify MiCheck’s accuracy and reliability in detecting prostate cancer, especially for identifying patients with clinically significant cancer. [Minomic International Ltd.] Press Release

Churchill Pharmaceuticals Announces NDA Filing Acceptance for YONSA™ by the U.S. FDA

Churchill Pharmaceuticals, LLC. announced that the New Drug Application (NDA) for YONSA™ ultramicrosize tablets has been accepted for filing by the U.S. FDA. [Churchill Pharmaceuticals, LLC. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Some Scientists Hate NIH’s New Definition of a Clinical Trial. Here’s Why

Scientists in behavioral research fields — from cognitive psychology to vision science — were dismayed to learn that the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, could soon deem their studies to be clinical trials. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Salk Institute under Fire for ‘Smear’ on Women Suing It for Discrimination

Alleging decades of gender discrimination, two senior female scientists sued the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, sparking a public relations debacle that has engulfed the venerable institution and could threaten its appeal to donors and new researchers. Leaders of the San Diego, California, research center have strenuously denied the allegations made by biologists Vicki Lundblad and Katherine Jones, and publicly questioned their productivity and the quality of their scientific work. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Annual Congress on Tissue Engineering and Bio-Banking
November 1-2, 2017
Toronto, Canada

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Technician – Molecular Biology (CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (Baylor College of Medicine)

Computational Biologist – Prostate Cancer (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Post-Doctoral Research Associate Position – Translational Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Scholar Position – Prostate Cancer (Case Western Reserve University)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Related Diseases (Baylor College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Functional Cancer Genomics (Institute of Oncology Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Epigenetics and Epigenomics (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Cancer Research (Institute of Oncology Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer and Head & Neck Cancer (University of Maryland)

Assistant Member – Prostate Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Drug Discovery (The Vancouver Prostate Centre)

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