Prostate Cell News Volume 9.09 | Mar 9 2018

TOP STORY

Osteoblast-Secreted Factors Mediate Dormancy of Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the Bone via Activation of the TGFβRIII-p38MAPK-pS249/T252RB Pathway

Investigators showed that the bone microenvironment confers dormancy to C4-2B4 prostate cancer (PCa) cells as they become dormant when injected into mouse femurs but not under the skin. [Cancer Res] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Regulation of Inside-Out β1-Integrin Activation by CDCP1

The authors demonstrated reduced cub-domain containing protein-1 (CDCP1) expression in high-grade, primary prostate cancers, circulating tumor cells and tumor metastases of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer. CDCP1 was expressed in epithelial and not mesenchymal cells, and its cell surface and mRNA expression declined upon stimulation with TGFβ1 and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. [Oncogene] Abstract

An RNAi Screen of Rho Signaling Networks Identifies RhoH as a Regulator of Rac1 in Prostate Cancer Cell Migration

Through an RNA interference screen (RNAi), and using a prostate cancer cell line, researchers found that approximately 25% of Rho network components alter migration. Some genes enhanced migration while others decreased basal and/or hepatocyte growth factor-stimulated migration. [BMC Biol] Full Article

AMPK/GSK3β/β-Catenin Cascade-Triggered Overexpression of CEMIP Promotes Migration and Invasion in Anoikis-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells by Enhancing Metabolic Reprogramming

Elevated migration, invasion, pyruvate production, lactate generation, ATP level, and impaired detachment-induced apoptosis were found in anoikis-resistant prostate cancer cells, and genome microarray analysis demonstrated that the cell migration-inducing protein (CEMIP) was a potential molecular target for the regulation of the malignant behaviors. [FASEB J] Abstract

EAF2 and p53 Co-Regulate STAT3 Activation in Prostate Cancer

RNA-seq analyses identified differentially regulated genes in response to concurrent knockdown of p53 and ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2). Several of these genes were associated with the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 signaling pathway, and this was verified by significantly increased p-STAT3 immunostaining in the Eaf2^−/−p53^−/− mouse prostate. [Neoplasia] Full Article

Glyoxalase 1 Sustains the Metastatic Phenotype of Prostate Cancer Cells via EMT Control

Investigators uncovered a novel mechanism linking glyoxalase 1 to the maintenance of the metastatic phenotype of prostate cancer cells by controlling epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by engaging the tumor suppressor miR-101, hydroimidazolone-argpyrimidine and transforming growth factor beta 1-β1/Smad signaling. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

TGFβ-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Cells Is Mediated via TRPM7 Expression

To more clearly define the mechanisms involved in prostate cancer cell migration, scientists undertook a series of studies utilizing non-malignant prostate epithelial cells RWPE1 and prostate cancer DU145 and PC3 cells. They showed that increased cell migration was observed in prostate cancer cells, which was mediated through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract

Reduced Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Expression and Plasma Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Aging-Related Prostate Lesions

VDR was widely distributed in the prostatic complex at all ages analyzed, with the highest immunoexpression found in basal epithelial cells. As the animals aged, VDR levels increased, except in punctual areas with intraepithelial proliferation, metaplasia, or proliferative inflammatory atrophy, which had reduced expression of this receptor concomitantly with increased cell proliferation. [Prostate] Abstract

MicroRNA-223-3p Regulates Cell Chemo-Sensitivity by Targeting FOXO3 in Prostatic Cancer

The authors found that miR-223-3p was up-regulated in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. Transfection with miR-223-3p inhibitor increased chemo-sensitivity to docetaxel and cell apoptosis rate in PCa cells compared with docetaxel + miR-223-3p mock group, especially in DU-145 cells which were more resistant to docetaxel. [Gene] Abstract

Curcumin Suppressed the Prostate Cancer by Inhibiting JNK Pathways via Epigenetic Regulation

Curcumin inhibited growth of prostate cancer in vivo as well as promoted apoptosis of LNCaP cells in vitro. Curcumin inhibited JNK pathway and repressed H3K4me3 in LNCaP cells. [J Biochem Mol Toxicol] Abstract

Parallels between Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Prostate Cancer Disseminated Tumor Cell Regulation

Prostate cancer disseminated tumor cells and normal hematopoietic stem cells have been shown to compete for residence in the bone marrow and share many of same regulatory mechanisms for survival, proliferation and homing. [Bone] Abstract

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Eisai Co., Ltd. and Merck Enter Global Strategic Oncology Collaboration for LENVIMA^® (Lenvatinib Mesylate)

Eisai Co., Ltd. and Merck announced that the companies have agreed upon a strategic collaboration for the worldwide co-development and co-commercialization of LENVIMA^®, an orally available tyrosine kinase inhibitor discovered by Eisai. [Merck & Co., Inc.] Press Release

OncBioMune Selects Theradex as CRO for Two Phase II Trials of ProscaVax for Prostate Cancer

OncBioMune Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the company has selected Theradex as its contract research organization (CRO) for both the planned Phase II clinical trials evaluating the experimental immunotherapeutic vaccine ProscaVax for prostate cancer, one at Urology Centers of North Texas and the Harvard University teaching hospitals. [OncBioMune Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Scientists Win and Lose in Texas Primary Contests

Texas primary was the first test for scientists seeking seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, and the results were mixed. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Behavioral ‘Violations’ Cost Prominent Neuroscientist Positions at Columbia, HHMI

Prominent Columbia University neuroscientist Tom Jessell, 66, has been fired for “serious [behavioral] violations” and the university is closing his lab, the New York City institution said in a statement. The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) in Chevy Chase, Maryland, which effectively employed Jessell, a leader in understanding neural development, also terminated him as an investigator because he “violated HHMI policy,” according to a statement from the institute. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Police Probe of Brazilian Marijuana Researcher Sparks Protests

A police investigation targeting Brazil’s most prominent marijuana researcher has ignited a wave of protest among scientists. They say that the move by authorities from the state of São Paulo threatens research freedoms at a time when science in the country faces severe problems because of draconian budget cuts. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Discovery (SCDMDD) 2018
June 17-18, 2018
Melbourne, Australia

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Principal Scientist – Translational Research (Medivir AB)

Senior Scientist – Target Discovery and Cancer Biology (Repare Therapeutics)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer Biology (Duke University)

Postdoctoral Associate – Prostate Research (Baylor College of Medicine)

Research Fellowship – Prostate Cancer Pathology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Scientist Opportunities – Biomedical Research (Cedars-Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Disease Research (Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Cancer Research (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Nuclear and Mitochondrial Mutagenesis in Carcinogenesis (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center)

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