Prostate Cell News Volume 9.25 | Jul 6 2018

TOP STORY

A hnRNP K-AR-Related Signature Reflects Progression toward Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Investigators showed that the protein sets of androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen deprivation therapy-resistant cell lines (PDB and MDB) co-immunoprecipitated with serine-phosphorylated heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) varied depending on the cell type, unraveling a dynamic relationship between hnRNP K and androgen receptor (AR) during prostate cancer (PC) progression to castration-resistant PC. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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Disruption of MEK/ERK/C-Myc Signaling Radiosensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Inhibition of MEK/ERK signaling down-regulated c-Myc protein in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines to varying extents by affecting expression of RNA and protein, which in turn determined radiosensitization in in vitro and in vivo xenograft models of PCa cells. The crucial role played by c-Myc in the MEK/ERK pathways was demonstrated in 22Rv1 cells by the silencing of c-Myc by means of short hairpin mRNA, which yielded effects resembling the targeting of MEK/ERK signaling. [J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] Abstract

Polyphyllin I Inhibits Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via CIP2A/PP2A/ERK Signaling in Prostate Cancer

At low doses, polyphyllin I (PPI) decreased proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in prostate cancer cells. PPI decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 7, an enzyme that is critical for tumor metastasis. PPI also decreased the expression of Snail and vimentin, which are EMT-associated factors. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

Biphasic Alteration of Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) during Prostate Cancer Development

In vitro, BChE expression was decreased in more tumorigenic prostate cancer (PC) stem-like cells, DU145, and PC3 cells compared to less tumorigenic non-stem PCs and LNCaP cells. In vivo, BChE expression was up-regulated in DU145 xenografts compared to LNCaP xenografts; DU145 cell-derived lung metastases displayed comparable levels of BChE as subcutaneous tumors. [Transl Oncol] Full Article

TUG1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression by Acting as a ceRNA of miR-26a

The authors evaluated the expression and function of taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) in prostate cancer (PCa). TUG1 promoted tumor cell migration, invasion and proliferation in PCa by working in key aspects of biological behaviors. TUG1 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-26a in PCa cells. [Biosci Rep] Abstract | Full Article

Salinomycin-Induced Autophagy Blocks Apoptosis via the ATG3/AKT/mTOR Signaling Axis in PC-3 Cells

Salinomycin could induce apoptosis and autophagy in PC-3 cells. Interestingly, autophagy inhibition could enhance salinomycin-induced apoptosis. Scientists further showed that ATG3, a known critical regulator of autophagy, was downregulated and involved in the inhibition of apoptosis by salinomycin-induced autophagy via the AKT/mTOR signaling axis. [Life Sci] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Basement Membrane Extract Attenuates the More Malignant Gene Expression Profile Accentuated by Fibronectin in Prostate Cancer Cells

Hierarchical clustering analysis with LNCaP and RWPE-1 cells showed that LNCaP cells exposed to an enriched extracellular matrix displayed an expression pattern more similar to that shown by RWPE-1 cells, a cell line that illustrates characteristics of the normal prostate epithelium. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

Selective Actionable and Druggable Protein Kinases Drive the Progression of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer

In vitro, the variation trend of protein kinase expression observed during neuroendocrine prostate cancer transdifferentiation could be recapitulated in prostate cancer cell lines with different malignant degree. The predicted kinase targets exhibited different sensibilities in the restriction of PC3 cell growth. [DNA Cell Biol] Abstract

Systems Pharmacology Using Mass Spectrometry Identifies Critical Response Nodes in Prostate Cancer

With focus on six drugs currently used in prostate cancer treatment or targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway, the authors perturbed the LNCaP clone FGC cell line by a total of 21 treatment conditions using single and paired drug combinations. [NPJ Syst Biol Appl] Full Article

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Prostate Cancer Epigenetics: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Implications

Alterations in the epigenetic cityscape of prostate cancer cells compared with normal prostate tissues have a complex interplay with genetic alterations to drive prostate cancer initiation and progression. Interestingly, alterations in the prostate cancer epigenetic cityscape can be highly recurrent, a facet that can be exploited for development of biomarkers and potentially as therapeutic targets. [Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med] Abstract

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Health Canada Approves ERLEADA^™ (Apalutamide Tablets), the First Treatment for Men with Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced that Health Canada has approved ERLEADA^™, an oral treatment for patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Janssen Inc.] Press Release

Five-Year Outcomes following a HIFU Focal Therapy Study Demonstrate Impressive Disease Control & Low Side Effect Profiles for Prostate Cancer Patients in the U.K.

SonaCare Medical, is pleased to report five-year outcomes from a multicenter study following focal therapy treatment with its Sonablate technology of 625 medium to high-risk clinically significant nonmetastatic prostate cancer patients. [SonaCare Medical, LLC.] Press Release

Prostate Cancer Canada Launches First National Program in Radionuclide Therapy

Canadian researchers are leading the future of treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer in this country, with a new Prostate Cancer Canada grant funded by the Movember Foundation. The National Program on Targeted Radionuclide Therapy for Prostate Cancer focuses on radionuclide therapy: a new form of treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer which cannot be cured by current methods. [Prostate Cancer Canada] Press Release

China’s Scientific Revolution

The country is making a serious investment in becoming a world-class science superpower. For young people to thrive in the modern world, a significant proportion of that cultivation must be immersion in scientific ideas. And to judge by its commitment to science and scientific education, China is making a serious investment in this long-term mission. [Scientific American] Editorial

Hidden Conflicts? Pharma Payments to FDA Advisers after Drug Approvals Spark Ethical Concerns

In examining compensation records from drug companies to physicians who advised FDA on whether to approve 28 psychopharmacologic, arthritis, and cardiac or renal drugs between 2008 and 2014, Science found widespread after-the-fact payments or research support to panel members. The agency’s safeguards against potential conflicts of interest are not designed to prevent such future financial ties. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

A Better Measure of Research from the Global South

Funders Jean Lebel and Robert McLean describe a new tool for judging the value and validity of science that attempts to improve lives. [Nature News] Editorial

University of Gothenburg Moves to Fire Professor for Misconduct

The University of Gothenburg has taken steps to remove Suchitra Sumitran-Holgersson from her post as a professor there, after an investigation concluded that she manipulated images in seven out of 10 papers. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) 2019 Annual Meeting
June 26-29, 2019
Los Angeles, California, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer (Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine)

Assistant, Associate and Professor Positions – Cancer Research Faculty (University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute)

Research Professor – Life Sciences (City of Hope)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Development & Progression Research (Brigham & Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Research (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre)

Postdoctoral Positions – Ribosome Modifications (University of Copenhagen)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Sechenov University)

Postdoctoral Position – Steroid Hormone Production and Signaling (University of Rochester Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Scientists – Prostate Cancer Research (Institute of Oncology Research – Universita della Svizzera Italiana)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

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