Prostate Cell News Volume 9.42 | Nov 2 2018

TOP STORY

Metabolic Biomarkers of Response to the AKT Inhibitor MK-2206 in Pre-Clinical Models of Human Colorectal and Prostate Carcinoma

Cellular and metabolic effects of the allosteric AKT inhibitor MK-2206 were investigated in HT29 colon and PC3 prostate cancer cells and xenografts using flow cytometry, immunoblotting, immunohistology and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. [Br J Cancer] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Pro-Proliferative Function of Adaptor Protein GRB10 in Prostate Carcinoma

Knockdown of growth factor receptor-binding protein 10 (GRB10) in nontumorigenic phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) null mouse embryonic fibroblasts and tumorigenic prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines reduced Akt phosphorylation and selectively activated a panel of receptor tyrosine kinases. In PTEN wild-type PCa, GRB10 overexpression promoted mediated PTEN interaction and degradation. [FASEB J] Abstract

PROSTAGLANDIN E2 Stimulates Cancer-Related Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells through Cyclooxygenase-2

Researchers studied the role of cyclooxygenase (COX) in prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) protumoral effects in PC3 cells and found that the effects were prevented by inhibition of COX-2, which highlights its crucial role amplifying the levels of intracellular PGE₂. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Stromal-Induced Downregulation of miR-1247 Promotes Prostate Cancer Malignancy

The authors demonstrated that cancer-associated fibroblasts induce a downregulation of miR-1247 in prostate cancer cells. They proved that miR-1247 repression was functional for the achievement of epithelial to mesenchymal transition and increased cell invasion as well as stemness traits. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

2′-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis via STAT3 Inactivation and ROS Generation

Scientists found that 2′‐hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) inhibited constitutive and inducible signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation in STAT3-activated DU145 prostate cancer cells. HCA inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation at the tyrosine 705 residue, dimer formation, and nuclear translocation in DU145 cells, which led to a downregulation of STAT3 target genes. [Cancer Sci] Abstract

Galectin-9 Induces Atypical Ubiquitination Leading to Cell Death in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

Exogenous galectin-9 was endocytosed and destined to the lysosomal compartment in PC-3 cells. The internalized galectin-9 was resistant to detergent solubilization but was solubilized with lactose. Galectin-9 induced accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, possibly heterogeneously ubiquitinated and/or monoubiquitinated proteins, in PC-3 cells. [Glycobiology] Abstract

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagic and Apoptotic Cell Death, and Immune Activation by a Natural Triterpenoid in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Investigators showed that anoderic acid DM (GA-DM) was relatively more toxic to LNCaP cells than to PC-3 cells, which may have occurred due to differential expression of p53. GA-DM treatment decreased Bcl-2 proteins while it upregulated apoptotic Bax and autophagic Beclin-1, Atg5, and LC-3 molecules, and caused an induction of both early and late events of apoptotic cell death. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Proteomic Analysis of Human Prostate Cancer PC-3M-1E8 Cells and PC-3M-2B4 Cells of Same Origin but with Different Metastatic Potential

To identify the candidate proteins that contribute to metastasis of prostate cancer, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomic analysis was performed to explore differentially expressed proteins between two homologous human prostate cancer cell lines including highly-metastatic PC-3M-1E8 cell line and poorly-metastatic PC-3M-2B4 cell line. [PLoS One] Full Article

Specific Expression of lncRNA RP13-650J16.1 and TCONS_00023979 in Prostate Cancer

Researchers explored the expression profile and the potential regulatory mechanism of two long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in prostate cancer. The abilities of proliferation, migration, and colony formation of DU145 cells were decreased after transfected with si-RP13-650J16.1, while these abilities were increased after transfected with si-TCONS_00023979. [Biosci Rep] Full Article

Downregulation of miR-505-3p Predicts Poor Bone Metastasis-Free Survival in Prostate Cancer

Upregulation of miR-505-3p suppressed the activity of TGF-β signaling by directly targeting downstream effectors of TGF-β signaling, SMAD2 and SMAD3, further inhibiting the invasion and migration abilities of prostate cancer cells. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

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Developments in Oligometastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

The authors review the current understanding and recent developments regarding the concept of oligometastases in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. As the understanding of oligometastases in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer develops, we will be able to molecularly define the oligometastatic state and develop clinically available diagnostic tests. [World J Urol] Abstract

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Myriad Presents Two New Studies

Myriad Genetics, Inc. announced new data from two studies. The key results are that the Prolaris^® test is superior to adverse pathology at predicting the risk of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence after surgery, and the myRisk^® Hereditary Cancer test found one in ten men with prostate cancer carry an inherited genetic mutation in a cancer-causing gene. [Press release from Myriad Genetics, Inc. discussing research presented at the American Urological Association Annual Meeting, Maui] Press Release

Tufts CTSI Announces Collaboration with Novartis to Foster Innovative Translational Research

Leaders from Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) and Novartis announced a new collaboration to work together to foster innovative translational research and improve health through the exchange of expertise, resources, and educational opportunities. [Tufts CTSI] Press Release

The Prostate Cancer Foundation Awards $5.5 Million to PCF Challenge Award Recipients to Advance Prostate Cancer Research

The Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) announced that it will be awarding more than $5.5 million in research funding to six new 2018 PCF Challenge Award teams. [Prostate Cancer Foundation] Press Release

Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University and Hunter College of the City University of New York Awarded $13.5 Million NCI/NIH Grant for Cancer Health Disparities

The Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University and Hunter College of the City University of New York have jointly received a five-year, $13.5 million grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The award will underwrite creation of the Temple University Fox Chase Cancer Center and Hunter College Regional Comprehensive Cancer Health Disparities Partnership. [Temple University Health System, Inc.] Press Release

MCG Lab Designated to Help with Patient Testing for NCI-MATCH Trial

The Georgia Esoteric and Molecular Laboratory at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University has been selected as a designated laboratory for the National Cancer Institute’s Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice, or MATCH trial, which is assessing the effectiveness of targeting cancer-causing gene changes rather than cancer type. [Augusta University] Press Release

NSF Suspends Program Allowing Graduate Fellows to Study Abroad

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) has halted a program that each year allows hundreds of the nation’s best graduate students to work with experts in another country. And the agency isn’t saying why—or whether the program will resume. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Drug Companies Try to Catch the Rising Wave of RNAi Medicines

Less than two months after the FDA approved the first-ever drug that uses a Nobel-winning technique to mute disease-causing genes, the pharmaceutical industry is already looking for a piece of the next one. [STAT News] Editorial

What Will a New California Law Mean for Biotech? Hundreds More Women in the Boardroom

In the next few years, publicly traded life sciences companies headquartered in California could collectively need to add hundreds of women to their boards in order to comply with a new state gender-parity law. That’s going to mean finding women to fill 126 board seats in the sector by the end of 2019. [STAT News] Editorial

Do Authors Comply When Funders Enforce Open Access to Research?

The first large-scale analysis of compliance with open-access rules reveals that up to one-third of articles are not free to read, report Vincent Larivière and Cassidy R. Sugimoto. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Keystone Symposia: Cancer Metastasis: The Role of Metabolism, Immunity and the Micorenvironment (M2)
March 15-19, 2019
Florence, Italy

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