Pulmonary Cell News Volume 2.36 | Sep 12 2013

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    Pulmonary Cell News 2.36 September 12, 2013

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    High-Content siRNA Screen Reveals Global ENaC Regulators and Potential Cystic Fibrosis Therapy Targets
    To develop a global understanding of molecular regulators of ENaC traffic/function and to identify of candidate cystic fibrosis drug targets, researchers performed a large-scale screen combining high-content live-cell microscopy and siRNAs in human airway epithelial cells. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract
    Model the Human Respiratory Epithelium with PneumaCult™-ALI. Click to View Data.

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Functionalization-Dependent Induction of Cellular Survival Pathways by CdSe Quantum Dots in Primary Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Researchers investigated the role of heavy-metals in biological responses and the potential of CdSe induced genotoxicity. Their results indicated that while negatively charged quantum dots (QDs) are relatively non-cytotoxic compared to positively charged QDs, the same does not hold true for their genotoxic potential. [ACS Nano] Abstract

    Directional Secretomes Reflect Polarity Specific Functions in an In Vitro Model of Human Bronchial Epithelium
    Researchers defined apical and basolateral secretomes in the in vitro differentiated human bronchial epithelial model. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

    Hypotonic Shock Modulates Na+ Current via a Cl and Ca2+/Calmodulin Dependent Mechanism in Alveolar Epithelial Cells
    Alveolar epithelial cells are involved in Na+ absorption via the epithelial Na+ channel, an important process for maintaining an appropriate volume of liquid lining the respiratory epithelium and for lung oedema clearance. Researchers investigated how a 20% hypotonic shock modulates the ionic current in these cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Genome Wide Identification and Expression Profile in Epithelial Cells Exposed to TiO2 Particles
    Environmental particles are believed to provoke airway inflammation in susceptible individuals by stimulating epithelial cells to release mediators that exacerbate lung diseases. Researchers sought to identify genes expressed throughout the genome by epithelial cells stimulated with TiO2 particles. [Environ Toxicol] Abstract

    Progressive Changes in Inflammatory and Matrix Adherence of Bronchial Epithelial Cells with Persistent Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection (Progressive Changes in RSV Infection)
    To understand the mechanisms underlying RSV-induced long-term consequences, scientists established an in vitro RSV infection model using human bronchial epithelial cells that persists over four generations and analyzed cell inflammation and matrix adherence. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract | Full Article

    LUNG CANCER

    Fibulin-3-Mediated Inhibition of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Self-Renewal of ALDH+ Lung Cancer Stem Cells through IGF1R Signaling
    Researchers evaluated the roles and signaling mechanism of Fibulin (FBLN)3 in lung cancer stem cells. Forced expression of FBLN3 suppressed invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells and decreased the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition activators, including N-cadherin and Snail. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Native and Rearranged ALK Copy Number and Rearranged Cell Count in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    1426 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) clinical specimens and 24 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative NSCLC cell lines were investigated. Native ALK copy number increases alone were not associated with sensitivity to ALK inhibition in vitro. [Cancer] Abstract

    Systematic Combination Screening Reveals Synergism between Rapamycin and Sunitinib against Human Lung Cancer
    Investigators found that sunitinib emerged as one of the clinically available anticancer drugs screened that displayed significant synergy with rapamycin in non-small cell lung cancer cells. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

    High Cofilin-1 Levels Correlate with Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinomas
    Researchers evaluated cofilin-1 levels in intrinsically cisplatin-resistant A549 cells and determined the cisplatin toxicity in A549 cells transiently transfected and overexpressing CFL1 plasmid. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

    Expression of HAb18G in Non-Small Lung Cancer and Characterization of Activation, Migration, Proliferation, and Apoptosis in A549 Cells following siRNA-Induced Downregulation of HAb18G
    Scientists showed that HAb18G protein expression was associated with tumor diameter, lymph node status, tumor stage, and poor prognosis. Additionally, downregulation of HAb18G mRNA resulted in decreased migration, proliferation, and increased apoptosis of A549 in vitro. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Lung Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Features and Therapeutic Targets
    The authors summarize the current understanding of lung cancer stem cells, including their molecular features and signaling pathways that drive their stemness. They also discuss the potential strategies to inhibit the signaling pathways driving stemness, in an effort to eradicate these cells to combat lung cancer. [Mol Aspects Med] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Landmark TIOSPIR™ Trial Demonstrates Comparable Long-Term Safety of Tiotropium Delivered via Respimat® and HandiHaler® in COPD Patients
    Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the results of TIOSPIR™ (Tiotropium Safety and Performance in Respimat), one of the largest international chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) trials conducted to date. [Press release from Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Annual Congress 2013, Barcelona] Press Release

    Olodaterol Shows Sustained Improvements in Lung Function in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
    Data from the olodaterol Phase III clinical program showed the addition of olodaterol 5 and 10 µg delivered once daily via the Respimat® inhaler provided improvements in lung function in patients with moderate to very severe COPD. [Press release from Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Annual Congress 2013, Barcelona] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    FDA Advisory Committee Recommends Approval in US of Umeclidinium/Vilanterol for the Treatment of COPD
    GlaxoSmithKline plc and Theravance, Inc. announced that the Pulmonary-Allergy Drugs Advisory Committee to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) voted 11 yes to 2 no that the efficacy and safety data provide substantial evidence to support approval of umeclidinium/vilanterol for the long-term, once-daily, maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. [GlaxoSmithKline plc] Press Release

    Oncolytics Biotech® Inc. Announces Positive Final Tumor Response Data for U.S. Phase II Study of REOLYSIN® in Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
    Oncolytics Biotech Inc. announced final tumor response data from its U.S. Phase II single arm clinical trial in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung using intravenous administration of REOLYSIN in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. [Oncolytics Biotech Inc.] Press Release

    Verastem Initiates Command: A Registration-Directed Trial of Defactinib in Patients with Mesothelioma
    Verastem, Inc. announced the initiation of COMMAND (Control Of Mesothelioma with MAiNtenance Defactinib). COMMAND is a registration-directed trial of lead cancer stem cell inhibitor defactinib in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, a highly aggressive form of lung cancer with a high percentage of cancer stem cells. [Verastem, Inc.] Press Release

    LUNGevity Announces 2013 Lung Cancer Early Detection Research Awards
    LUNGevity Foundation announced that it has awarded $400,000 in new lung cancer research funds to two outstanding researchers through its Lung Cancer Early Detection Research program. [LUNGevity Foundation] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW EACR-Sponsored, 2nd Anticancer Agents Congress: Targeting Cancer Stem Cell
    November 21-24, 2013
    Antalya, Turkey

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Research Position – Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis (Biomedical Sciences Research Center)

    NEW Postdoctoral Research Candidate – Chronic Lung Diseases (European Respiratory Society / Marie Curie)

    Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Pulmonary Vascular Inflammation and Dysfunction (University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Respiratory Diseases Research (Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG)

    PhD (Early Stage Researcher) Position – Investigation of Mucus as a Barrier for Pulmonary Drug Delivery (Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Associate – Lung Cancer (Yale Cancer Center)


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