Pulmonary Cell News Volume 2.39 | Oct 3 2013

Smoking Exposure Induces Human Lung Endothelial Cells Adaptation to Apoptotic Stress
Researchers modeled paracrine increases of palmitoyl ceramide (Cer16) in primary human lung microvascular cells. In naïve cells, isolated from non-smokers, Cer16 significantly reduced cellular proliferation and induced caspase-independent apoptosis via mitochondrial membrane depolarization, AIF translocation, and PARP cleavage. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Induction of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in A549 Cells Requires Phosphorylation of C/EBPβ at Thr235
Researchers showed 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in human A549 epithelial cells is increased by pro-inflammatory cytokines via the P2 promoter of the HSD11B1 gene. [PLoS One] Full Article

Establishment and Evaluation of a Stable Cattle Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line
The cattle type II alveolar epithelial cell line that researchers established retained lung epithelial cell characteristics: the cells were positive for surfactants A and B, and they secreted tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in response to bacterial invasion. [PLoS One] Full Article

Carbocysteine Regulates Innate Immune Responses and Senescence Processes in Cigarette Smoke Stimulated Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Researchers explored whether carbocysteine, in a human bronchial epithelial cell line, counteracted some pro-inflammatory cigarette smoke extracts-mediated effects. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract

Highly Purified, Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Induce Light-Chain 3B Expression in Human Lung Cells
The authors focused on the autophagic responses of HTT2800 exposure. The HTT2800-exposed cells induced LC3B expression and induced cell growth inhibition. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

CRL4A-FBXW5-Mediated Degradation of DLC1 Rho GTPase-Activating Protein Tumor Suppressor Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth
DLC1 encodes a RhoA GTPase-activating protein and tumor suppressor lost in cancer by genomic deletion or epigenetic silencing and loss of DLC1 gene transcription. Scientists unexpectedly identified non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and tumor tissue that expressed DLC1 mRNA yet lacked DLC1 protein expression. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Uptake, p53 Pathway Activation and Cytotoxic Responses for Co(II) and Ni(II) in Human Lung Cells: Implications for Carcinogenicity
Cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions display similar chemical properties and act as hypoxia mimics in cells. However, only soluble Co(II) but not soluble Ni(II) is carcinogenic by inhalation. To explore potential reasons for these differences, scientists examined responses of human lung cells to both metals. [Toxicol Sci] Abstract

miR-205 Promotes the Growth, Metastasis and Chemoresistance of NSCLC Cells by Targeting PTEN
Researchers identified the promotive effects of microRNA (miR)-205 on various significant biological properties of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and confirmed the regulation of PTEN by miR-205. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Application of Proteomics to Identify the Target Molecules Involved in Lonicera japonica-Induced Photokilling in Human Lung Cancer CH27 Cells
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are the integral targets in photoactivated Lonicera japonica-induced CH27 cell apoptosis. Researchers also demonstrated that ethyl acetate fraction of Lonicera japonica extracts caused photocytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in CH27 cells. [BMC Complement Altern Med]
Abstract | Full Article

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Nintedanib Extended Survival Beyond One Year for Advanced Adenocarcinoma Patients after Prior First-Line Chemotherapy
New analysis of data from the LUME-Lung 1 Phase III clinical trial showed that the novel investigational compound nintedanib, an oral triple angiokinase inhibitor that targets three receptors crucially involved in angiogenesis and tumor growth, provided a significant and clinically relevant overall survival benefit for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with adenocarcinoma histology. [Press release from Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH discussing research presented at the European Cancer Congress, Amsterdam]
Press Release

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National Cancer Institute Awards $48.6 Million Grant to MD Anderson
Broad, deep and outstanding research in cancer science, treatment and prevention have earned The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center a $48.6-million, five-year grant from the National Cancer Institute and an “exceptional” ranking, the highest possible, from the National Cancer Institute’s extensive peer-review process. [The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center] Press Release

American Lung Association in California Commends Governor Brown for Extending Critical Clean Air Incentives
The American Lung Association in California commends Governor Brown for signing Assembly Bill 8 (Perea and Skinner), critical clean air legislation that will save lives and reduce lung illness. [American Lung Association] Press Release

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NEW Senior Postdoctoral Fellow – Mechanisms of Lung Injuries (University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler)

PhD Studentship Opportunity – Human Pulmonary Vascular Disease (University College Dublin)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Research (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Research Candidate – Chronic Lung Diseases (European Respiratory Society / Marie Curie)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Pulmonary Vascular Inflammation and Dysfunction (University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

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