Pulmonary Cell News Volume 2.43 | Oct 31 2013

Role of NADPH Oxidase in Mediating Vesicant-Induced IL-6 Secretion in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Scientists evaluated the role of redox signaling in regulating nitrogen mustard (HN2)-induced, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated interleukin (IL)-6 secretions in primary cultured normal human bronchial epithelial cells in air-liquid interphase. HN2-induced EGFR phosphorylation and IL-6 secretion in normal human bronchial epithelial cells were inhibited both by the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine and the flavoprotein inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium chloride. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Induction of RGS2 Expression by Long-Acting ß²-Adrenoceptor Agonists and Glucocorticoids in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
In human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) 2 mRNA and protein was synergistically induced in response to combinations of long-acting ß²-adrenoceptor agonist plus glucocorticoid. Equivalent responses occurred in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. [J Pharmacol Exp Ther] Abstract | Full Article

Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Lipopolysacharide-Induced MUC1 Overexpression in Alveolar Epithelial Cells
Researchers investigated the effects of Tanshionone IIA on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation, as well as its relationship to mucin 1 (Muc1) expression in mouse lung and MUC1 in human alveolar epithelial cells. [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] Abstract

Alveolar Epithelial Cells (A549) Exposed at the Air-Liquid Interface to Diesel Exhaust: First Study in TNO’s Powertrain Test Center
Scientists investigated the feasibility of exposing human lung epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface to complete diesel exhaust generated by a heavy-duty truck in the state-of-the-art TNO powertrain test center. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

YEATS4 Is a Novel Oncogene Amplified in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer that Regulates the p53 Pathway
Overexpression of YEATS4 abrogated senescence in human bronchial epithelial cells. Conversely, RNAi-mediated attenuation of YEATS4 in human lung cancer cells reduced their proliferation and tumor growth, impairing colony formation and inducing cellular senescence. [Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article

MET and AXL Inhibitor NPS-1034 Exerts Efficacy against Lung Cancer Cells Resistant to EGFR Kinase Inhibitors Due to MET or AXL Activation
Researchers investigated the antitumor activity of NPS-1034, a newly developed drug that targets both MET and AXL, in non-small cell lung cancer cells with acquired resistance to gefitinib or erlotinib. [Cancer Res] Abstract

HSP-90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Is Synergistic with Doxorubicin in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Using small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines, scientists demonstrated that ganetespib was much more potent than 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, a geldanamycin derivative. Ganetespib inhibited SCLC cell growth via induction of persistent G2/M arrest and Caspase 3-dependent cell death. [Oncogene] Abstract

FBXW7 Mediates Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity and Prognosis in NSCLC
Scientists focused on F-box and WD repeat domain containing-7 (FBXW7), a E3 ubiquitin ligase, that regulates the degradation of MCL1, Myc, Cyclin E, and TOP2A. Mechanistic study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with silenced FBXW7 revealed enhanced MS-275 sensitivity and Taxol resistance. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

Downregulation of G3BPs Inhibits the Growth, Migration and Invasion of Human Lung Carcinoma H1299 Cells by Suppressing the Src/FAK-Associated Signaling Pathway
Researchers report that both transient and stable knockdown of G3BP suppressed the growth, migration and invasion capability of human lung carcinoma H1299 cells. Moreover, downregulation of G3BP significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of Src, FAK and ERK, and the levels of NF-?B were also markedly decreased in H1299 cells. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

H2AX a Promising Biomarker for Lung Cancer: A Review
This review will focus on the possible applications of H2A variant (H2AX) as a key regulator of DNA damage response in lung cancer and as a biomarker of: sensitivity of lung tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, treatment with PARP inhibitors, bystander effect, multistep lung carcinogenesis, environmental smoking, and chemical genotoxicity, chemoprevention, prognosis, and also as therapeutic targets in lung cancers. [ Cancer Invest] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

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U.S. FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation for KaloBios’ KB001-A in Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
KaloBios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has granted the company orphan drug designation for KB001-A, an anti-PcrV monoclonal antibody fragment, for the treatment of cystic fibrosis patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [KaloBios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]
Press Release

Pulmatrix Announces Positive Results from Initial Stage of Phase IB Clinical Study of PUR0200 in COPD Patients
Pulmatrix announced the successful completion and positive results of the first part of a two-part Phase IB clinical study in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with their lead clinical candidate PUR0200. [Pulmatrix, Inc.] Press Release

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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NEW Postdoctoral Scientist – Prognostic Biomarkers in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma (Medical Research Council)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Molecular Mechanisms of Endothelial Permeability, Vascular Inflammation, and Pulmonary Injury (University of Illinois)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Emphysema (University College Dublin)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Airway Innate Defense and Biology (University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill)

Senior Postdoctoral Fellow – Mechanisms of Lung Injuries (University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Research (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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