Pulmonary Cell News Volume 3.41 | Oct 23 2014

Resolvin D1 Attenuates Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid-Induced Inflammatory Signaling in Human Airway Epithelial Cells via TAK1
Investigators identified the mechanism whereby resolvin D1 disrupts inflammatory mediator production induced by the viral mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid in primary human lung epithelial cells. [J Immunol] Abstract

Superiority of Combined PDE3/PDE4 Inhibition Over PDE4 Inhibition Alone on Glucocorticoid- and Long-Acting β2-Adrenoceptor Agonist-Induced Gene Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Using models of cAMP- and glucocorticoid-induced transcription in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, researchers show that combining inhibitors of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 and PDE4 provides greater benefits compared to inhibiting either PDE alone. [Mol Pharmacol] Abstract | Full Article

Enhanced Phenotypic Alterations of Alveolar Type II Cells in Response to Aflatoxin G1-Induced Lung Inflammation
Increased MHC-II expression in alveolar epithelium was observed and associated with enhanced T cells (Tregs) infiltration in mouse lung tissues with Aflatoxin G1 (AFG1)-induced inflammation. This provides a link between phenotypically altered alveolar type II cells and Treg activity in the AFG1-induced inflammatory microenvironment. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Therapeutic Effects of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Lung Injury in Rats with Emphysema
Researchers analyzed the phenotypic characteristics, differentiation potential, and karyotype of rat amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (rAFMSCs), which were isolated from pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. The ability of rAFMSCs to differentiate was measured, and the apoptosis of type II alveolar epithelial cells was evaluated. [Resp Res] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

A Novel Antagonist to the Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAPs) Potentiates Cell Death in EGFR-Overexpressing Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells
In the effort to develop an efficient chemotherapy drug for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), scientists analyzed the anti-tumorigenic effects of a novel small molecule targeting the inhibitor of apoptosis, HM90822B, on NSCLC cells. HM90822B efficiently decreased IAP expression, especially that of XIAP and survivin, in several NSCLC cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Mcl-1 Promotes Lung Cancer Cell Migration by Directly Interacting with VDAC to Increase Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ Uptake and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
Scientists report the physiological significance of an interaction between Mcl-1 and the mitochondrial outer membrane-localized voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) in non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines.
[Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Mast Cell Exosomes Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation – Role of KIT-Stem Cell Factor Signaling
The authors demonstrate that exosomes from mast cells can be taken up by lung cancer cells. Exosomes were isolated from the human mast cell line, HMC-1, and uptake of PKH67-labelled exosomes by the lung epithelial cell line, A549, was examined using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. [Cell Commun Signal]
Full Article

Critical Role of Spns2, a Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Transporter, in Lung Cancer Cell Survival and Migration
Researchers show that ectopic Spns2 expression induced apoptosis and its knockdown enhanced cell migration in non-small cell lung cancer cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Effects of AKT Inhibition on HGF-Mediated Erlotinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines
Investigators determined whether inhibition of AKT signaling could augment erlotinib activity and abrogate HGF-mediated resistance. The effects of MK-2206, a selective AKT inhibitor, were evaluated in combination with erlotinib on a large panel of 13 lung cancer cell lines containing different EGFR or KRAS abnormalities.
[J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] Abstract

Small Cell Lung Cancer: Where Do We Go from Here?
The authors review the current state of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment, recent advances in current understanding of the underlying disease biology, and opportunities to advance translational research and therapeutic approaches for patients with SCLC. [Cancer] Abstract

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Arizona Company Launches Lung Cancer Test For $99
Global Cancer Diagnostics Inc. announced the availability of The Lung Cancer Test™. The test detects the presence of the required biomarkers that aid in the early detection of lung cancer. Global Cancer Diagnostics plans to offer this new test on a nationwide basis, starting with Arizona and several other states.
[Global Cancer Diagnostics Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

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NEW PhD Student – Functional Relevance of MicroRNAs in COPD (University Medical Center Groningen)

PhD Positions – Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Science (Chonbuk National University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Metabolomics of Pulmonary Medicine (Karolinska Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension (Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School)

Investigator – Multiple Positions in Cellular & Molecular Medicine (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

Postdoctoral Position – Pulmonary Research (University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer (Ohio State University)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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