Pulmonary Cell News Volume 5.12 | Mar 31 2016

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Induces Nitrative DNA Damage in Human Lung Epithelial Cells via HMGB1-RAGE Interaction and Toll-Like Receptor 9 Activation
To clarify the mechanism of carbon nanotube-induced carcinogenesis, scientists examined the role of Toll-like receptor 9, which resides in endosomes and lysosomes, in 8-nitroguanine formation in human lung epithelial cell lines. [Part Fibre Toxicol] Full Article

Dormancy Activation Mechanism of Tracheal Stem Cells
The anti-cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil, was used to selectively kill proliferating cells of human bronchial epithelial cell line. This method can enrich and purify stem cell population. The surviving stem cells were cultured to form stem cell spheres expressing stem cell markers and transplanted into nude mice to form a teratoma. [Oncotarget] Full Article

The Minor House Dust Mite Allergen Der p 13 Is a Fatty Acid Binding Protein and an Activator of a TLR2-Mediated Innate Immune Response
Researchers investigated the IgE reactivity of recombinant Der p 13, its lipid binding activities and its capacity to stimulate airway epithelium cells. [Allergy] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity in Lung Cancer Cells by a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor That Targets the β-Catenin/Tcf4 Interaction
Sequential exposure of human p53-null non-small cell lung cancer H1299 cells to low doses of x-ray radiation, followed one hour later by administration of minimally cytotoxic concentrations of BC-23, resulted in a highly synergistic induction of clonogenic cell death. [PLoS One] Full Article

Rotenone Induces Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating Autophagic Flux
Researchers used the human lung cancer A549 cells to study the molecular mechanism(s) involved between rotenone-dependent activation of NOX2 and impairment of autophagic machinery. They report that acute exposure to rotenone induced mild NOX2-dependnet oxidative stress, which impaired the autophagic flux, resulting in cytosolic accumulation of LC3 and p62/STSQM1. [IUBMB Life] Abstract

The Impact of Autophagy on Cell Death Modalities in CRL-5876 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells after Their Exposure to γ-Rays and/or Erlotinib
Scientists examined effects of single and combined treatments with γ-rays and erlotinib on radioresistant CRL-5876 human lung adenocarcinoma cells with particular emphasis on cell death. CRL-5876 cells were treated with γ-rays and/or erlotinib and changes in cell cycle, DNA repair dynamics, ultrastructure, nuclear morphology and protein expression were monitored at different time points. [Cell Biol Toxicol] Abstract

Curcumin Downregulates p38 MAPK-Dependent X-Ray Repair Cross-Complement Group 1 (XRCC1) Expression to Enhance Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Lung Cancer Cells
Scientists characterized the role of curcumin in the cytotoxicity, p38 MAPK activation, and XRCC1 expression affected by cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. They showed that curcumin enhanced the cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin in two NSCLC cells, A549 and H1703. [Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol] Abstract

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Kamada Submits Marketing Authorization Application with the European Medicines Agency for Its Proprietary Inhaled Alpha-1 Antitrypsin to Treat Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Kamada Ltd. announced the submission of a Marketing Authorization Application with the European Medicines Agency for the company’s proprietary, inhaled alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) therapy as a treatment for AAT deficiency. [Kamada Ltd.] Press Release

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NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Pancreatic and Lung Cancer (University of California – San Francisco)

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