Pulmonary Cell News Volume 5.13 | Apr 7 2016

Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals E-Cigarette Vapor and Mainstream-Smoke from Tobacco Cigarettes Activate Different Gene Expression Profiles in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
RNA-seq analysis was used to examine the transcriptomes of differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to air, main stream smoke from 1R5F tobacco reference cigarettes, and aerosol vapor with and without added nicotine in an in vitro air-liquid interface model for cellular exposure. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Autophagy Plays an Essential Role in Cigarette Smoke-Induced Expression of MUC5AC in Airway Epithelium
Researchers investigated the function of autophagy as well as its upstream and downstream signals in cigarette smoke-induced mucus production in human bronchial epithelial cells and in mouse airways. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

The Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Soluble and Particulate Cobalt in Human Lung Epithelial Cells
Investigators determined the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate and soluble cobalt in normal primary human lung epithelial cells. [Environ Mol Mutagen] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Inhibition of BMP and of TGFβ Receptors Downregulates Expression of XIAP and TAK1 Leading to Lung Cancer Cell Death
Scientists showed that upon inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in lung cancer cells, the transforming growth factor (TGF)β signaling cascade is activated. Both the BMP and TGFβ pathways activate TGFβ activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which then increases the expression of Id1. [Mol Cancer] Full Article

GSK-3α Is a Novel Target of CREB and CREB-GSK-3α Signaling Participates in Cell Viability in Lung Cancer
Researchers identified GSK-3α as one of the cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) target genes which is critical for the viability of lung cancer cells. The CREB knockdown significantly reduced the expression of GSK-3α and the direct binding of CREB on the promoter of GSK3A was identified. [PLoS One] Full Article

Autophagy Inhibition Facilitates Erlotinib Cytotoxicity in Lung Cancer Cells through Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Researchers found the sensitivity to erlotinib, a well-used epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), was correlated with basal autophagy level. Erlotinib was able to induce autophagy not only in TKI-sensitive, but also TKI-resistant cancer cells. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

AZD9291 Overcomes T790 M-Mediated Resistance through Degradation of EGFR^L858R/T790M in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Scientists elucidated the underlying mechanism of the high sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)^L858R/T790M to AZD9291. In H1975 cells harboring EGFR^L858R/T790M, AZD9291 potently inhibited cellular growth and EGFR signaling pathways together with depletion of mutant EGFR protein. [Invest New Drugs] Abstract

The Tumor Suppressive Role of miRNA-509-5p by Targeting FOXM1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The authors examined the levels and biological functions of miR-509-5p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The levels of miR-509-5p were measured by real-time quantitative PCR in NSCLC cell lines and NSCLC tissues along with adjacent normal tissues. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Abstract

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European Commission Approves Expanded Use of Opdivo^® (Nivolumab) to Include Previously Treated Metastatic Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced that the European Commission has approved Opdivo monotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after prior chemotherapy in adults. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

VUMC and Celgene Corporation Enter into Research Agreement to Accelerate Development of Next-Generation Therapeutics
Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) has entered into a strategic research agreement with Celgene Corporation. This collaboration will leverage BioVU, a DNA database linked to de-identified health information that includes 2.5 million clinical records and 215,000 genetic samples. [Vanderbilt University Medical Center] Press Release

American Cancer Society Awards New Research and Training Grants
The American Cancer Society has approved funding for 103 research and training grants totaling nearly $44 million in the first of two grant cycles for 2016. [The American Cancer Society] Press Release

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Postdoctoral Research Fellow – RNA Based Therapeutics (Georgia Institute of Technology)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Pancreatic and Lung Cancer (University of California – San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Cancer Research (National University of Singapore)

PhD Studentships – Cancer Research (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Genomics (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Positions – Tissue Repair/Inflammation (Institut Pasteur)

Postdoctoral Position or Research Scientist – Mucosal Immunology (Qu Biologics)

Faculty Positions – Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Cancer (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Director Clinical Research – Medical Oncology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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