Pulmonary Cell News Volume 5.35 | Sep 8 2016

TOP STORY

Neddylation E2 UBE2F Promotes the Survival of Lung Cancer Cells by Activating CRL5 to Degrade NOXA via the K11 Linkage

Methods of immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were utilized to examine UBE2F protein expression. The biological functions of UBE2F were evaluated by in vitro cell culture and in vivo xenograft models. The in vivo complex formation among UBE2F-SAG-CUL5-NOXA was measured by pull-down assay. Poly-ubiquitylation of NOXA was evaluated by in vivo and in vitro ubiquitylation assays. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition-Related Proteins ZEB1, β-Catenin, and β-Tubulin-III in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Scientists investigated the immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent expression and precise location of ZEB1, Beta-tubulin-III, and β-catenin in tissue samples from 34 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis cases and 21 controls. In 100% idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis samples, the three proteins were concurrently expressed in fibroblastic foci, as well in damaged epithelial cells overlying these lesions and in pericytes within neo-angiogenesis areas. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

Chemical Exposure-Response Relationship between Air Pollutants and Reactive Oxygen Species in the Human Respiratory Tract

Researchers present chemical exposure-response relations between ambient concentrations of air pollutants and the production rates and concentrations of reactive oxygen species in the epithelial lining fluid of the human respiratory tract. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Hydrolase-L5 Promotes TGFβ-1 Signaling by De-Ubiquitinating and Stabilizing Smad2/Smad3 in Pulmonary Fibrosis

The authors demonstrated that Smad2 and Smad3 ubiquitination was diminished by over-expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L5 (UCHL5), while it was enhanced by inhibition or down-regulation of UCHL5. UCHL5 is highly expressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lungs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Repeated Whole Cigarette Smoke Exposure Alters Cell Differentiation and Augments Secretion of Inflammatory Mediators in Air-Liquid Interface Three-Dimensional Co-Culture Model of Human Bronchial Tissue

Scientists constructed a model of human bronchial tissue which has a fibroblast layer embedded in a collagen matrix directly below a fully-differentiated epithelial cell layer. The model was applied to whole cigarette smoke (CS) exposure repeatedly from an air-liquid interface culture while bronchial epithelial cells were differentiating. The effects of CS exposure on differentiation were determined by histological and gene expression analyses on culture day 21. [Toxicol In Vitro] Abstract

Comparative Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Liver HepG2 and Lung Epithelial A549 Cells

Researchers assessed one key DNA damage responsive pathway activated by GADD45a gene after 24 hours of silver nanoparticles exposure in stable luciferase reporter cell systems based on two widely used in vitro cell models, human liver HepG2 and lung epithelial A549 cells. [J Appl Toxicol] Abstract

Curcumin Ameliorates Alveolar Epithelial Injury in a Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Scientists investigated the effects of curcumin on alveolar epithelial injury in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its potential mechanism. [Life Sci] Abstract

Effect of Phospholipid Transfer Protein on Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced IL-8 Production in Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells

To investigate the effect of phospholipid transfer protein on the cigarette smoke extract -induced production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human pulmonary epithelial cells, male Wistar rats were exposed to air and cigarette smoke for 6 hours per day on three consecutive days. [Inflammation] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Modification of Platinum Sensitivity by KEAP1/NRF2 Signals in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The authors evaluated the effect of platinum-based drugs on nuclear-factor erythroid2 like 2 (NRF2) signaling in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines with or without Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) mutations and to determine the role of NRF2 and KEAP1 on platinum-based drug treatment. [J Hematol Oncol] Full Article

Phenotypic Consequences of Somatic Mutations in the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Gene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Researchers evaluated the phenotypic consequences of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) missense changes reported in seven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with regard to radiosensitivity and functionality of ATM signaling. Their data demonstrate that only 2/7 NSCLC cell lines harboring ATM missense mutations show a functional impairment of ATM signaling following radiation-exposure. [Oncotarget] Full Article

A Critical Review of Recent Developments in Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The authors provide a critical review of selected aspects of modern radiotherapy for lung cancer, highlights the current limitations in our understanding and treatment approaches, and discuss future treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer. [Radiat Oncol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

CSA Medical Presented Early Clinical Data on the RejuvenAir Metered Cryospray System

CSA Medical held a mini-symposium at the ERS Conference. The symposium highlighted early data from its feasibility study utilizing the RejuvenAir^® Metered Cryospray^™ System, which is under development for the treatment of chronic bronchitis. [Press release from CSA Medical discussing research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Conference, London] Press Release

New Long-Term Data Demonstrates Continued Safety and Beneficial Effect of Ofev^® (Nintedanib) for Patients with IPF

Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. presented eight idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)-related abstracts, including new interim data from the INPULSIS^®-ON extension trial assessing long-term treatment with Ofev^®. The results demonstrated that Ofev has a long-term effect on slowing disease progression and a manageable side effect profile in patients with IPF, and were consistent with results previously observed in the INPULSIS^® trials. [Press release from Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Conference, London] Press Release

Patara Pharma Announces Positive Phase II Results for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Cough in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Patara Pharma presented positive Phase II results for the treatment of refractory chronic cough in patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In a 24-patient Phase II study, PA101 demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in daytime cough frequency versus placebo on Day 14 compared to baseline. [Press release from Patara Pharma discussing research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Conference, London] Press Release

CytRx Announces the Completion of Enrollment in Its Global Phase IIb Clinical Trial of Aldoxorubicin in Patients with Second-Line Small Cell Lung Cancer

CytRx Corporation announced that it has reached its enrollment target of 132 patients for the company’s global Phase IIb clinical trial of aldoxorubicin in patients with previously treated small cell lung cancer. The Phase IIb study is a randomized, comparative trial being conducted at 41 sites in the United States, Hungary and Spain. [CytRx Corporation] Press Release

Tiotropium Respimat^® Improved Lung Function in Children with Asthma Aged 6-17 and Is Well-Tolerated Compared to Placebo in Children Aged 1-17

Boehringer Ingelheim announced new study results from the Phase III CanoTinA-asthma^® trial that showed adding tiotropium Respimat^® to maintenance asthma therapy significantly improved lung function, as measured by FEV1, in children aged 6-11, compared to placebo. [Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Cancer Experts Unveil Wishlist for US Government ‘Moonshot’

Advisers to the US Cancer Moonshot Initiative have produced a wide-ranging laundry list of research targets for the project — even as its funding remains uncertain. The ten recommendations released on 7 September include the launch of a national clinical-trial network specifically targeted at therapies that harness the immune system, and the creation of a 3D cancer atlas to catalogue how a tumor interacts with neighboring normal cells. [Nature News] Editorial

US Science Agencies Face Budget Limbo

Another year, another round of budget roulette for US science agencies. When Congress returns from its summer break on 6 September, it will have just three weeks to pass a new government funding bill before the 2017 budget year begins on 1 October. Policy analysts predict that lawmakers will pass a stopgap funding measure that will keep agencies’ budgets flat until the presidential election in November — and perhaps into next year. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 9^th Annual Ottawa Conference: State of the Art Clinical Approaches to Smoking Cessation
January 20-21, 2016
Ottawa, Canada

NEW Cell Culture and Downstream Processing World Congress
February 21-22, 2017
Munich, Germany

NEW World Advanced Therapied and Regenerative Medicine
May 17-19, 2016
London, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Scientist/Senior Scientist – Nanoparticle Research and Drug Delivery (Moderna Therapeutics)

NEW Chair in Medical Biology – Head of the Department of Biology (Masaryk University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Directed Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Lung and Airway Epithelial Cells (Columbia University Medical Center)

Tenure-Track Faculty Positions – Inflammation and Inflammatory Lung Diseases (Temple University)

Postdoctoral Research Fellowship – Translational Fibrosis Research (RWTH Aachen University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell and Animal Models of Lung Cancer (University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center)

Bioinformatician – Genomics of Mesothelioma (Imperial College London)

Research Associate – Development of Mesothelioma (Imperial College London)

Robert Stowell Chair – Experimental Pathology (University of California, Davis)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Complex Lung Diseases (National Jewish Health)

Non-Clinical Lecturer – Reader in Respiratory Science (Imperial College London)

Scientific Director – Oncology (Merck)

Director Clinical Research – Medical Oncology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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