Pulmonary Cell News Volume 7.15 | Apr 19 2018

TOP STORY

Study Identifies New Molecular Target for Treating Deadly Lung Disease IPF

Scientists searching for a therapy to stop the deadly and mostly untreatable lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), found a new molecular target that slows or stops the illness in preclinical laboratory tests. [Press release from the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center discussing online prepublication in Cell Reports] Press Release | Full Article | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived SCGB3A2⁺ Airway Epithelium

Through bulk and single-cell-based global transcriptomic profiling, researchers found pluripotent stem cell-derived airway secretory cells are susceptible to phenotypic plasticity exemplified by the tendency to co-express both a proximal airway secretory program as well as an alveolar type 2 cell program, which can be minimized by inhibiting endogenous Wnt signaling. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

Aloperine Protects Mice against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Attenuating Fibroblast Proliferation and Differentiation

The authors showed that aloperine provided protection for mice against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis as manifested by the attenuated lung injury and reduced fibrosis along with alleviated fibroblast proliferation and differentiation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Angiotensin-(1-7) Attenuated Cigarette Smoking-Related Pulmonary Fibrosis via Improving the Impaired Autophagy Caused by NOX4-Dependent ROS

Researchers investigated the effect of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) on smoking-related lung fibrosis by the regulation of autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ang-(1-7) improved smoking-induced pulmonary fibrosis via attenuating the impaired autophagy caused by NADPH oxidases 4 (NOX4)-dependent ROS in vivo and in vitro. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

An EGFR Ligand Promotes EGFR-Mutant but Not KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer In Vivo

Using transgenic mouse models conditionally expressing EGFR^L858R or Kras^G12D with TGFA in lung epithelium, scientists determined that TGFA promoted the growth of EGFR^L858R-lung tumors in airway regions but not that of Kras^G12D-lung tumors. [Oncogene] Abstract

Long Non-Coding RNA MUC5B-AS1 Promotes Metastasis through Mutually Regulating MUC5B Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma

The authors identified one novel long non-coding RNAs, MUC5B-AS1. MUC5B-AS1 was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal lung tissues. MUC5B-AS1 promoted lung cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and promoted lung cancer cell metastasis in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Effect of miR-21 on Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cell through Inhibiting the PI3K/ Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo

Scientists investigated the mechanism of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 regulated by miR-21 in lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. They demonstrated that the miR-21 inhibitor induced apoptosis through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in non-small cell lung carcinoma. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

miR-1-3p and miR-206 Sensitizes HGF-Induced Gefitinib-Resistant Human Lung Cancer Cells through Inhibition of c-Met Signaling and EMT

Researchers showed that miR-1-3p and miR-206 restored the sensitivities of lung cancer cells PC-9 and HCC-827 to gefitinib in the presence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). For the mechanisms, they demonstrated that both miR-1-3p and miR-206 directly target HGF receptor c-Met in lung cancer. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

p52 Expression Enhances Lung Cancer Progression

To investigate the impact of non-canonical NF-κB signaling on lung carcinogenesis, scientists employed transgenic mice with doxycycline-inducible expression of p52 in airway epithelial cells. p52 over-expression led to increased tumor number and progression after injection of the carcinogen urethane. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Role of High-Mobility Group Protein Box 1 in Lung Cancer

The authors aimed to encapsulate the relationship between high-mobility group protein box 1(HMGB1) and lung cancer, suggesting that HMGB1 plays a pivotal role in initiation, development, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of lung cancer. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

New Data Support First-Line Osimertinib in Patients with NSCLC and Sensitizing EGFR Mutation

Newly presented data from the Phase III FLAURA study builds on earlier reported findings of significantly improved progression-free survival with first-line osimertinib over current standard-of-care therapies in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. [Press release from the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) discussing research presented at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2018, Geneva] Press Release

U.S. Food and Drug Administration Accepts Supplemental Biologics License Application for Opdivo (Nivolumab) in Previously Treated Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer and Grants Priority Review

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced that the FDA has accepted for priority review its supplemental Biologics License Application for Opdivo to treat patients with small cell lung cancer whose disease has progressed after two or more prior lines of therapy. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

Translate Bio Announces FDA Clearance to Proceed with PhaseI/II Clinical Trial in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Translate Bio announced that the FDA has cleared the company to begin a first-in-human clinical trial of MRT5005 in patients with cystic fibrosis. [Translate Bio] Press Release

G1 Therapeutics Announces Initiation of Phase Ib/II Clinical Trial of G1T38 in Combination with Tagrisso for EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

G1 Therapeutics, Inc. announced that it has initiated a Phase Ib/II clinical trial assessing G1T38, its oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, in combination with Tagrisso^® in people with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. [G1 Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Dutch Universities, Journal Publishers Agree on Open-Access Deals

Despite some difficult negotiations, academic institutions in the Netherlands have been securing subscriptions that combine publishing and reading into one fee. [The Scientist] Editorial

A Final Dash across the United States: Updates from the 2018 March for Science

The March for Science celebrated its anniversary. And although the turnout around the world was significantly smaller than last year, supporters haven’t lost any of their energy. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

African Scientists Call for More Control of Their Continent’s Genomic Data

Africa-based researchers issued guidelines for the ethical handling of samples for genomic studies. The voluntary rules are an effort to combat ‘helicopter’ research, in which foreign scientists take samples and data from communities and then return to their home institutions. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW LabRoots: 2^nd Annual Cell Biology Virtual Event
September 26-27, 2018
Online

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Senior Research Associate – Lung Biology and Alveolar Epithelial Cells (University of Southern California)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung and Vascular Biology (Northwestern University)

Research Technologist – Pulmonary (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Positions – Long Noncoding RNA in Tumor Development and Cellular Differentiation (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Lung Cancer (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell and Molecular Biology (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Traveling Fellowship – Lung Cancer (Cancer Research UK)

Postdoctoral Position – Immune Oncology (H. Lee Moffitt Cancer & Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Autoimmune Diseases Affecting the Lung (University of California, San Francisco)

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