Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.06 | Feb 21 2019

TOP STORY

Lung Regeneration by Multipotent Stem Cells Residing at the Bronchioalveolar-Duct Junction

Scientists generated a genetic lineage-tracing system that uses dual recombinases to specifically track bronchioalveolar stem cells (BASCs) in vivo. Fate-mapping and clonal analysis showed that BASCs became activated and responded distinctly to different lung injuries, and differentiated into multiple cell lineages including club cells, ciliated cells, and alveolar type 1 and type 2 cells for lung regeneration. [Nat Genet] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Selective Delipidation of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Enables Direct Pulmonary Vaccination and Enhances Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Investigators showed that selective chemical treatment of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) with petroleum ether removes inflammatory lipids from the bacterial surface while keeping BCG viable. Pulmonary vaccination using this modified BCG attenuated inflammatory responses, prevented immunopathology of the lung, and significantly increased protection against M.tb infection in mice. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

In Vitro Disease Modeling of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Type 2 Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Organoids

From an Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) patient, researchers established disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (HPS2-iPSCs) and their gene-corrected counterparts. By live cell imaging, the lamellar body(LB) dynamics were visualized and altered distribution, enlargement, and impaired secretion of LBs were demonstrated in HPS2-iPSC-derived alveolar type 2 cells. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Long Noncoding RNA LINC00336 Inhibits Ferroptosis in Lung Cancer by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA

Scientists demonstrated that a nuclear lncRNA LINC00336 is upregulated in lung cancer and functions as an oncogene by acting as a competing endogenous RNA. [Cell Death Diff] Full Article

HAI-2 as a Novel Inhibitor of Plasmin Represses Lung Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis

Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-2 (HAI-2) was identified to be downregulated following lung cancer progression, which was related to poor survival and tumor invasion. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA 00665 Induces Acquired Resistance to Gefitinib through Recruiting EZH2 and Activating PI3K/AKT Pathway in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Researchers showed that long intergenic non-coding RNA 00665 expression was significantly upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cells with acquired gefitinib resistance. Long intergenic non-coding RNA 00665 knockdown restored gefitinib sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract

PLOD3 Suppression Exerts an Anti-Tumor Effect on Human Lung Cancer Cells by Modulating the PKC-Delta Signaling Pathway

The authors designed human procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase (PLOD3)-specific short interfering RNAs and tested their effects on tumor growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo. PLOD3 knockdown overcame chemoresistance and decreased radioresistance by inducing caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in lung cancer cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

MPC1 Deficiency Accelerates Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression through the STAT3 Pathway

Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) was lowly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) tissues and significantly associated with favorable survival of patients with LAC. Functionally, MPC1 markedly suppressed stemness, invasion, and migration in vitro and spreading growth of LAC cells in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Inotilone from Inonotus inteus Suppresses Lung Cancer Metastasis In Vitro and In Vivo through ROS-Mediated PI3K/AKT/MAPK Signaling Pathways

Scientists showed that inotilone reduced the activity of MMP-2/-9 and inhibited the ability for cellular migration and invasion. Inotilone decreased interleukin-8 expression in A549 cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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Alveolar-Capillary Membrane-Related Pulmonary Cells as a Target in Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

The authors highlight a negative effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on lung cells related to alveolar-capillary barrier and their response to LPS exposure. Additionally, they describe the molecular mechanism of LPS signal transduction pathway in lung cells. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

FDA Grants Priority Review to Merck’s Supplemental Biologics License Application for Keytruda^® Monotherapy for Third-Line Treatment of Patients with Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer

Merck announced that the U.S. FDA has accepted and granted priority review for a new supplemental Biologics License Application for KEYTRUDA, Merck’s anti-PD-1 therapy, as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced small cell lung cancer whose disease has progressed after two or more lines of prior therapy. [Merck & Co., Inc.] Press Release

Owlstone Medical Partners with Shanghai Renji Hospital to Pioneer Breath Biopsy Lung Cancer Trial in China

Owlstone Medical Ltd. and Renji Hospital announced a collaboration to conduct a clinical trial into the early detection of lung cancer with support from the Li Ka Shing Foundation. [Owlstone Medical Ltd] Press Release

First Patient Dosed in Complexa Phase II Trial of Lead Candidate CXA-10 to Treat Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Complexa Inc. announced dosing of the first patient in PRIMEx, a Phase II clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of two doses of the company’s lead candidate, CXA-10, to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. [Complexa] Press Release

Facebook’s Controversies Now Extend to Health and Medicine Issues

The Facebook controversies have come to the world of health and medicine. After last year’s scandals involving Cambridge Analytica and Russian trolls, this time the controversies concern anti-vaccine information and health privacy. [STAT News] Editorial

Trump Science Adviser Calls for More Collaboration Between Industry and Government

Kelvin Droegemeier, newly minted science adviser to US President Donald Trump, wants industry to take a larger role in funding research, with the ultimate goal of ushering in a “second golden era” of US science. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Keystone Symposia: Tuberculosis: Immunity and Immune Evasion
January 16-20, 2020
Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Principal Investigator Positions – Stem Cell Research (The GDL-MP Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Biomedicine)

NEW Assistant/Associate/Full Professor – Lung Cancer (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Lung Biology & Disease (Helmholtz-Center München – German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Translational Cancer and Pediatric Solid Tumor Biology (Institute of Cancer Research)

PhD Position – Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Respiratory Research (Monell Chemical Senses Center)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Lung Repair & Regeneration (University of California San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

Tenure Track Group Leader – Lung Epidemiology (Helmholtz-Center Munchen)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lung Stem/Progenitor Cell Research (The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler)

Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis)

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