Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.08 | Mar 7 2019

TOP STORY

Decrease of AIM2 Mediated by Luteolin Contributes to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment

Scientists found that luteolin significantly reduced the expression of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) at both mRNA and protein levels leading to the suppression of AIM2 inflammasome activation, which induced G2/M phase arrest and inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Hedgehog Signaling in the Airway Epithelium of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The effects of receptor patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) siRNA knockdown on epithelial repair and mucous expression were evaluated using human epithelial cell lines. Ptch1^+/− mice were used to assess the effect of decreased PTCH1 on mucous expression and airway epithelial phenotypes. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Engraftment and Proliferation Potential of Embryonic Lung Tissue Cells in Irradiated Mice with Emphysema

After preconditioning with irradiation and elastase to induce lung damage, scientists infused embryonic day 15.5 CAG-EGFP whole lung cells, and confirmed the engraftment of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and mesenchymal cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Non-Volatile Particle Emissions from Aircraft Turbine Engines at Ground-Idle Induce Oxidative Stress in Bronchial Cells

Researchers evaluated acute cellular responses after one hour exposures to diluted exhaust from conventional or alternative fuel combustion. They showed that single, short-term exposures to non-volatile particulate matter (PM) impaired bronchial epithelial cells, and PM from conventional fuel at ground-idle conditions was the most hazardous. [Commun Biol] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

RASSF10 Suppresses Lung Cancer Proliferation and Invasion by Decreasing the Level of Phosphorylated LRP6

Ras-association domain family (RASSF10) overexpression inhibited the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells, which was the result of Wnt signaling suppression. Scientists found that RASSF10 had no influence on Hippo signaling, while RASSF10 bound to LRP6 via the coiled-coil domains and reduced p-LRP6 level, eventually prohibiting β-catenin nuclear translocation. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract

LINC00702 Suppresses Proliferation and Invasion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Regulating miR-510/Pten Axis

Overexpression of LINC00702 markedly suppressed proliferation and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that LINC00702 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-510 in NSCLC, and upregulated its target gene PTEN. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article

Targeting of Lung Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal Pathway by a Small Molecule Verrucarin J

To address specific targeting of cancer stem cells, the authors investigated the effects of a small molecule Verrucarin J (VJ) on lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1793. VJ significantly inhibited cell proliferation of both cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of approximately 10 nM for A549 and 20 nM for H1793 respectively after 48 hours of treatment. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract

CDK7 Inhibition as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Lung Squamous Cell Carcinomas with a SOX2 Amplification

Researchers found that THZ1 treatment led to suppression of cell growth and apoptotic cell death in SOX2-amplified lung squamous cell carcinoma-derived cells only, whereas the modest growth-inhibitory effect of cisplatin did not differ according to SOX2 amplification status. [Cell Oncol (Dordr)] Abstract

FLOT1 Promotes Tumor Development, Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Modulates the Cell Cycle by Regulating the Erk/Akt Signaling Pathway in Lung Adenocarcinoma

FLOT1 knockdown and overexpression models were constructed via lentivirus. Cell growth, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected to evaluate the role of FLOT1 in lung adenocarcinoma development. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell cycle regulatory markers were then examined. [Thorac Cancer] Full Article

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PD-1 Inhibitors-Related Neurological Toxicities in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Literature Review

A literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of immune-related neurotoxicity’s has been conducted starting from the report of four cases of neurological immune-related adverse events regarding cases of polyneuropathy, myasthenia gravis, Bell’s palsy, and encephalopathy, all of which occurred in oncological patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of non-oncogene addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer. [Cancers] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

Two Phase III Studies of the Triple Combination of VX-445, Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor Met Primary Endpoint of Improvement in Lung Function in People with Cystic Fibrosis

Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated announced that treatment with the triple combination of the next-generation corrector VX-445, tezacaftor and ivacaftor resulted in statistically significant improvements in lung function in two Phase III studies in people with cystic fibrosis. [Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated] Press Release

Helsinn Initiates Two New Global Phase III Studies with Anamorelin

Helsinn Group announced that the first patient has now been dosed in the new global Phase III program to evaluate anamorelin for the treatment of weight loss and anorexia in patients with advanced NSCLC with cachexia. [Helsinn Healthcare SA] Press Release

Verona Pharma Reports Positive Interim Data with Ensifentrine Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation in First of Two-Part Phase II Clinical Trial in COPD

Verona Pharma plc announced positive interim efficacy and safety data from part one of a two-part Phase II clinical trial of a dry powder inhaler formulation of ensifentrine in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [Verona Pharma plc] Press Release

Head of US Food and Drug Agency Resigns

Scott Gottlieb, the head of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), resigned on 5 March and will depart the agency in one month. [Nature News] Editorial | Opinion

Trump Threatens to Cut Federal Research Funding over Free Speech

At the Conservative Political Action Conference, President Donald Trump promised to sign an executive order cutting off funds to colleges and universities that do not maintain free speech. The president said “it will be very costly” if institutions don’t comply, but he did not give many details about the possible executive order or who would decide if schools were adequately protecting free speech. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW Interstitial Lung Diseases
November 4-6, 2019
Heidelberg, Germany

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Associate Professor – Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (University of Southampton)

Scientist – Pulmonary (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Disease (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Principal Investigator Positions – Stem Cell Research (The GDL-MP Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Biomedicine)

Assistant/Associate/Full Professor – Lung Cancer (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Biology & Disease (Helmholtz-Center München – German Research Center for Environmental Health)

PhD Position – Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Respiratory Research (Monell Chemical Senses Center)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Lung Repair & Regeneration (University of California San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis)

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