Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.37 | Sep 26 2019

TOP STORY

Interleukin-11 Is a Therapeutic Target in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Scientists showed that interleukin-11 (IL-11) was up-regulated in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), associated with disease severity, and IL-11 was secreted from IPF fibroblasts. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract

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Transcriptional Control of Lung Alveolar Type 1 Cell Development and Maintenance by Nk Homeobox 2-1

Without NK homeobox 2-1 (Nkx2-1), developing AT1 cells lost three defining features—molecular markers, expansive morphology, and cellular quiescence-leading to alveolar simplification and lethality. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Short-Term Consequences of F508del-CFTR Thermal Instability on CFTR-Dependent Transepithelial Currents in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Using primary human F508del-airway epithelial cells and CF bronchial epithelial CFBE41o- cell lines expressing F508del- or WT-CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), researchers examined the effects of temperature on the amplitude and stability of short-circuit CFTR-dependent currents over time and the efficiency of pharmacological strategies to stably restore F508del-CFTR function. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Astragaloside IV Attenuates Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Pulmonary Epithelial Cell Injury through Inhibiting Autophagy

Scientists explored whether astragaloside IV was effective for acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment in a lipopolysaccharides-induced cell model and whether autophagy is involved in the therapeutic function of astragaloside IV. [Pharmacology] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Metabolic Diversity in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Researchers quantified metabolic features, mostly from the 13C enrichment of molecules from central carbon metabolism, in over 80 non-small cell lung cancer cell lines cultured under identical conditions. [Mol Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Active PLK1-Driven Metastasis Is Amplified by TGF-β Signaling that Forms a Positive Feedback Loop in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Investigators showed that the expression of active PLK1 phosphorylated at T210, abundant in TGF-β-treated lung cells, potently induced metastasis in a tail-vein injection model. [Oncogene] Abstract

Selective Eradication of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Using Aptamer-Decorated Nanoparticles Harboring a Cytotoxic Drug Cargo

Scientists devised and studied nanoparticles (NPs) composed of the biocompatible block-copolymer PEG-PCL entrapping the hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel, which are targeted to human non-small cell lung cancer cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

PPA1 Promotes NSCLC Progression via a JNK- and TP53-Dependent Manner

The authors disclosed that pyrophosphatase (PPA1) expression was markedly upregulated in lung carcinoma tissue versus normal lung tissue. They also found that the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines showed increased PPA1 expression levels versus normal lung cell line control. [Oncogenesis] Full Article

Chrysin Enhances Anticancer Drug-Induced Toxicity Mediated by the Reduction of Claudin-1 and 11 Expression in a Spheroid Culture Model of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

Neither claudin (CLDN)1 knockdown, CLDN11 knockdown, nor chrysin changed the anticancer drug-induced cytotoxicity in a 2D culture model, whereas they enhanced cytotoxicity in a spheroid culture model. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Specific Driving of the Suicide E Gene by the CEA Promoter Enhances the Effects of Paclitaxel in Lung Cancer

Researchers used carcinoembryonic antigen as a tumor-specific promoter to drive the bacteriophage E gene towards lung cancer cells but not normal lung cells, in association with paclitaxel as a combined treatment. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

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COPD: Preclinical Models and Emerging Therapeutic Targets

COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Preclinical models of COPD have recently been developed. In those models, COPD/emphysema has been commonly induced using different toxic agents such as elastase, proteolytic enzymes and chronic exposure to cigarette smoke. [Expert Opin Ther Targets] Abstract

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Immutep Announces Expansion of Part A of TACTI-002 Phase II Clinical Trial due to Positive Interim Data

Immutep Limited announced that the requisite number of predefined patient responses has been exceeded in cohort 1 of Part A of the TACTI-002 Phase II clinical trial based on an interim analysis. [Immutep Limited] Press Release

Onxeo Announces Positive Intermediate Results from the First Part of the DRIIV-1b Study Evaluating AsiDNA^™ in Combination with Chemotherapy

Onxeo S.A. announced positive results from the first group of patients in the DRIIV 1b study, evaluating AsiDNA^™, first-in-class inhibitor of tumor DNA repair, in combination with chemotherapy and the start of the second part of the study to evaluate the combination of AsiDNA^™ with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with solid metastasized tumors who are eligible for this treatment. [Onxeo S.A.] Press Release

CDC Reports Another Surge in Number of Cases of Vaping-Related Illness

The number of cases of vaping-related illnesses spiked sharply again this week as pressure mounts to uncover the cause of the mysterious symptoms. [STAT News] Editorial

The Potent Effects of Japan’s Stem-Cell Policies

A five-year regulatory free-for-all in regenerative medicine has given the industry a boost. But patients might be paying the price. [Nature News] Editorial

Situation Improves Slightly for U Alaska, Major Changes Ahead

Funding cuts provoke concerns about job losses, canceled research programs, and closed departments. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease
February 19-23, 2020
Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

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NEW Research Scientist – Fibrosis (Gilead Sciences, Inc.)

Scientist – Pulmonary (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientific Officer – Lung and Skin Toxiciology (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment)

Postdoctoral Positions – Sepsis and Pulmonary Injury (University of Maryland)

Postdoctoral Position – Small Cell Lung Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Inflammation (The Boston University Pulmonary Center)

Associate Director – Pulmonary Biology (Translate Bio, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Cancer (University Hospital of Cologne)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Cancer Immunology (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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