Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.39 | Oct 10 2019

TOP STORY

A Novel Allosteric Inhibitor of Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 Suppresses Growth and Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Scientists identified a novel phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) allosteric inhibitor, HKB99, via structure-based optimization. HKB99 acted to allosterically block conformational change of PGAM1 during catalytic process and PGAM1-ACTA2 interaction. HKB99 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis and overcame erlotinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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c-Myc Shuttled by Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promotes Lung Bronchial Cell Proliferation through miR-19b and miR-92a

Lung cancer-derived extracellular vesicles induced transcription of the pri-miR-92a gene, resulting in the overexpression of mature miR-19b and miR-92a in recipient bronchial cells. Modulation of these two miRNAs using miRNA mimics or inhibitors confirmed their ability to promote proliferation. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Type 2 Secretory Cells Are Primary Source of ATP Release in Mechanically-Stretched Lung Alveolar Cells

Scientists showed that surfactant-secreting type 2 (AT2) cells were the primary source of stretch-induced ATP release in heterocellular AT2/AT1 cell cultures, suggesting similar contribution in intact alveoli. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

Airway Epithelial Cell Isolation Techniques Affect DNA Methylation Profiles with Consequences for Analysis of Asthma Related Perturbations to DNA Methylation

The authors hypothesised that the DNA methylation profiles of cultured primary airway epithelial cells would differ between cells isolated from individuals with asthma versus those without asthma. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is Associated with Miro1 Reduction in Lung Epithelial Cells by Cigarette Smoke

Cigarette smoke extract treatment differentially affected mitochondrial function, such as membrane potential, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochrondrial mass as analyzed by FACS, and were associated with altered oxidative phosphorylation proteins levels in primary lung epithelial cells, and in BEAS2B cells. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Selectively Recruits MicroRNAs to the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex and Degrades CFTR mRNA under Permissive Conditions in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Transforming growth factor destabilized CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mRNA in cells from lungs with chronic disease, including CF, and impaired F508del-CFTR rescue by new-generation correctors. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract

LPS-Induced Inflammation Delays the Transportation of ASP⁺ Due to Down-Regulation of OCTN1/2 in Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Researchers detected the release of inflammatory factors that revealed a negative correlation between organic cation transporter (OCTN)1/2 down-regulation and inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). [J Drug Target] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Simulated Microgravity with Floating Environment Promotes Migration of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Investigators evaluated the proliferation and migration of two types of non-small cell lung cancers in a floating environment with microgravity. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Long Non-Coding RNA LINC00243 Promotes Proliferation and Glycolysis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Positively Regulating PDK4 through Sponging miR-507

LINC00243 knockdown inhibited proliferation and glycolysis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Mechanically, LINC00243 acted as a molecular sponge for miR-507, and miR-507 reversed the effect of LINC00243 on promoting proliferation and glycolysis of NSCLC cells. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

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Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Mechanisms of Lung Alveolarization and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. A key histopathological feature of BPD is stunted late lung development, where the process of alveolarization -the generation of alveolar gas exchange units- is impeded, through mechanisms that remain largely unclear. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

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Fasenra Approved in the US for Self-Administration in a New Pre-Filled Auto-Injector, the Fasenra Pen

AstraZeneca announced that the FDA has approved the self-administration of Fasenra in a pre-filled, single-use auto-injector. [AstraZeneca] Press Release

FDA Grants Ofev^® Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Chronic Fibrosing ILDs with a Progressive Phenotype

Boehringer Ingelheim announced that the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation to Ofev^®, which is currently under FDA review for the treatment of people with chronic fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with a progressive phenotype. [Boehringer Ingelheim (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

MediciNova Receives Notice of Allowance for New Patent Covering MN-001 and MN-002 for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Japan

MediciNova, Inc. announced that it has received a Notice of Allowance from the Japan Patent Office for a pending patent application which covers MN-001 and MN-002 for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. [MediciNova, Inc.] Press Release

Drug Tailored to One Girl with Brain Disease Paves Way for Similar Customized Treatments

After their apparent success treating a young girl with a drug tailored to counteract a genetic mutation that had given her a usually fatal brain disease, the researchers behind the innovative strategy have this week laid out criteria for similarly helping more sick children. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Biologists Who Decoded How Cells Sense Oxygen Win Medicine Nobel

A trio of researchers has won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for describing how cells sense and respond to changing oxygen levels by switching genes on and off — a discovery that has been key in understanding human diseases such as cancer and anemia. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy
November 17-20, 2019
Boston, Massachusetts, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Development and Disease (Center for Regenerative Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Scholarship – Cancer Biology (Lund University)

Research Fellow – Lung Cancer (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Faculty Position – Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center)

Research Scientist – Fibrosis (Gilead Sciences, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Positions – Sepsis and Pulmonary Injury (University of Maryland)

Postdoctoral Position – Small Cell Lung Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Inflammation (The Boston University Pulmonary Center)

Associate Director – Pulmonary Biology (Translate Bio, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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