Pulmonary Cell News Volume 9.10 | Mar 19 2020

TOP STORY

A Shift in Glutamine Nitrogen Metabolism Contributes to the Malignant Progression of Cancer

The fate of glutamine nitrogen was shifted from the anaplerotic pathway into the TCA cycle to nucleotide biosynthesis, with this shift being controlled by glutaminase and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT). PPAT depletion suppressed the growth of small cell lung cancer lines. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Niche Cells and Signals that Regulate Lung Alveolar Stem Cells In Vivo

Acute alveolar injury rapidly expanded the alveolar type II (AT2) stem cell pool by transiently inducing Wnt signaling activity in “bulk” AT2 cells, facilitating rapid epithelial repair. AT2 cell “stemness” was tightly regulated by access to Wnts, supplied by a specialized single-cell fibroblast niche during maintenance and by AT2 cells themselves during injury repair. [Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol] Abstract

FK866 Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury through C-Jun-N-Terminal Kinase (JNK)-Dependent Autophagy

A549 cells were stimulated with LPS to generate the acute lung injury cell model, and pretreated with FK866 or SP600125 for 30 minutes to measure the autophagy-related protein expression and JNK activity. [Life Sci] Abstract

Circ_0038467 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Injury in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells through Sponging miR-338-3p

Researchers indicated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced an inflammatory injury in 16HBE cells by repressing cell viability and enhancing cell apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine production. Circ_0038467 was upregulated and miR-338-3p was downregulated in LPS-treated 16HBE cells. [Thorac Cancer] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

FKBP10 Regulates Protein Translation to Sustain Lung Cancer Growth

Investigators showed that peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans-isomerase (PPIase) FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10)-positive cells were present in cancer lesions but absent in the healthy parenchyma of human lung. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Pemetrexed Enhances Membrane PD-L1 Expression and Potentiates T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity by Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Therapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Scientists investigated whether chemotherapy modulated programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines, potentially affecting immunotherapy efficacy. [Cancers] Abstract | Download Full Article

Cancer Cell-Intrinsic Expression of MHC Class II Regulates the Immune Microenvironment and Response to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Overexpression of CIITA in Lewis lung carcinoma cells resulted in cancer cell-specific MHC class II in vitro and in vivo. Enforced expression of CIITA increased T cell infiltration and sensitized tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy. [J Immunol] Abstract

Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 Leads to Erlotinib Resistance, Initiating Crosstalk of Wnt/β-Catenin and NF-κB Pathways, in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

The authors explored the role of progesterone membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) in acquired resistance to erlotinib and addressed the molecular mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance induced by PGRMC1. The erlotinib-sensitive cell line PC9 and the erlotinib-resistant cell line PC9/ER were used. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Novel HDAC11 Inhibitors Suppress Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Overcome Drug Resistance by Suppressing Sox2

High levels of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in human lung tumor tissues correlated with poor patient outcome and depletion or inhibition of HDAC11 not only significantly reduced self-renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs) from non-small cell lung cancer but also decreased Sox2 expression that was essential for maintenance of CSCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Knockdown of GINS2 Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis Through the p53/GADD45A Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Scientists explored the role and underlying molecular mechanism of GINS2 in the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They showed that GINS2 was significantly increased in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. [Biosci Rep] Abstract

Expression-Based, Consistent Biomarkers for Prognosis and Diagnosis in Lung Cancer

High-throughput sequencing was performed of small cohorts of BioBanco samples from healthy and tumor cells from lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. [Clin Transl Oncol] Abstract

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The Impact of Bacteria-Derived Ultrafine Dust Particles on Pulmonary Diseases

The authors focus on the adverse pulmonary effects of biological ultrafine particles, principally lipopolysaccharide, and bacterial extracellular vesicles, in indoor dust and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of chronic pulmonary diseases. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

Celltex Plans to Launch Program to Use Mesenchymal Stem Cells for COVID-19-Related Symptoms under an Existing Regulatory Study

Celltex Therapeutics Corporation announced that it has begun active discussions with the FDA regarding a study using MSCs against coronavirus-type symptoms. [Celltex Therapeutics Corporation (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Pluristem and Charité University of Medicine Berlin Join Forces Targeting Potential Treatment for Respiratory and Inflammatory Intratissue Complications Caused by COVID-19

Pluristem Therapeutics, Inc. announced it has signed a collaborative agreement with the BIH Center for Regenerative Therapy and the Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies at Charite’ University of Medicine Berlin to expand its existing framework and research agreement and conduct a joint project evaluating the therapeutic effects of Pluristem’s patented PLX cell product candidates for potential treatment of the respiratory and inflammatory complications associated with the COVID-19 coronavirus. [Pluristem Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Respirators, Quarantines, and Worst-Case Scenarios: Lab Animal Facilities Grapple with the Pandemic

Many universities are currently grappling with the best way to care for the millions of mice, monkeys, and other research animals they care for across the country, in addition to protecting the health of their own employees. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Journals, Peer Reviewers Cope with Surge in COVID-19 Publications

Academic journals have already taken steps to accelerate the flow of peer-reviewed information by expediting editorial and peer review for coronavirus-related manuscripts and granting them open-access status upon publication. [The Scientist] Editorial

Near-Lockdown in the Bay Area ‘Ratchets Up’ Challenges for Local Biotechs and Labs

At the stroke of midnight on Tuesday morning, seven counties in the San Francisco Bay Area went into near-lockdown – ushering in a new reality for biopharma companies and biomedical labs. The “shelter in place” order offers significant leeway for medical research. [STAT News] Editorial

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NEW PhD Student – Lung Cancer (University Hospital Cologne)

NEW Postdoctoral Scholar – Tumor Metabolism and DNA Repair (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Organoids (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lung Injury (University of Illinois at Chicago)

Research Associate – Cystic Fibrosis (Michigan State University)

Research Associate – Lung Tumors (University of Cambridge)

Research Associate and Lab Manager – In Vitro Cancer Models (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer Metabolism (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Stem Cell Research (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Stem Cell Niche in Lung Fibrosis (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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