Pulmonary Cell News Volume 9.13 | Apr 09 2020

TOP STORY

Remodeling of Active Endothelial Enhancers Is Associated with Aberrant Gene-Regulatory Networks in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Scientists obtained pulmonary arterial endothelial cells from lungs of patients and controls, and performed chromatin, transcriptomic and interaction profiling. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Vitamin D Attenuates Lung Injury via Stimulating Epithelial Repair, Reducing Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits TGF-β Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

In vitro studies, vitamin D stimulated epithelial cell scratch wound repair, reduced primary ATII cells apoptosis as well. Vitamin D promoted primary human ATII cells proliferation through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and activation of vitamin D receptor. [Biochem Pharmacol] Abstract

Resveratrol Restores Intracellular Transport in Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cells

Scientists found that resveratrol treatment significantly restored intracellular transport as determined by monitoring both cholesterol distribution and the distribution of rab7-positive organelles in cystic fibrosis cells. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

MicroRNA-223 Promotes Autophagy to Aggravate Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the Expression of Transcription Factor HIF2α

A lung ischemia-reperfusion injury cell model was constructed by exposure to hypoxic reoxygenation in mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Expression of miR-223, HIF2α and β-catenin in tissues or cells was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

Thirdhand Smoke Exposure Causes Replication Stress and Impaired Transcription in Human Lung Cells

The authors found that thirdhand cigarette smoke exposure (THS) increased the percentage of cells in S-phase, suggesting impaired S-phase progression. Key DNA damage response proteins including RPA, ATR, ATM, CHK1 and BRCA1 were activated in lung cells exposed to THS, consistent with replication stress. [Environ Mol Mutagen] Abstract

Mdivi-1 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting MAPKs, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

In vitrostudy revealed that mitochondrial fission with the specific inhibitor-1 protected the macrophages from LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinases activation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. [Pulm Pharmacol Ther] Abstract

Robust Induction of Interferon and Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression by Influenza B/Yamagata Lineage Virus Infection of A549 Cells

The B/Shanghai/PD114/2018 virus was able to infect alveolar epithelial cells, with good potential for replication. To identify host cellular responses against Influenza B virus infection, differentially expressed genes were obtained using RNA sequencing. [PLoS One] Full Article

Metabolic Reprograming of LPS-Stimulated Human Lung Macrophages Involves Tryptophan Metabolism and the Aspartate-Arginosuccinate Shunt

Cells and culture supernatants were subjected to extraction for metabolomic analysis with high-resolution LC-MS and GC-MS. Pathway analysis showed involvement of arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and Krebs cycle in the response of lung macrophages to LPS. [PLoS One] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

EGFR Inhibition Triggers an Adaptive Response by Co-Opting Antiviral Signaling Pathways in Lung Cancer

Researchers demonstrated that EGFR inhibition triggered an antiviral defense pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Inhibiting mutant EGFR triggered type I interferon-I upregulation via a RIG-I-TANK-binding kinase 1-IRF3 pathway. [Nat Cancer] Abstract

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Vascular Permeability in the Fibrotic Lung

The authors summarize available data on the role of endothelial permeability in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and focus on the deleterious consequences of sustained endothelial hyperpermeability in response to and during pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. [Eur Respir J] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

Applied Therapeutics Announces IND and Investigator-Initiated Studies of AT-001 in Critical COVID-19 Patients

Applied Therapeutics, Inc. announced that a COVID-19 IND has been opened with the FDA for AT-001, a novel potent Aldose Reductase inhibitor in global Phase III development for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Multiple AT-001 investigator-initiated trials are now underway to address acute lung inflammation and cardiomyopathy in critical COVID-19 patients. [Applied Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Phase III Clinical Trial of Tedopi^®: OSE Immunotherapeutics Announces Positive Top-Line Results for Step-1 of its Trial ‘Atalante 1’ in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

OSE Immunotherapeutics, Inc. announced that the primary endpoint was met in the predefined Step-1 analysis of its Phase III clinical trial of investigational product Tedopi^®, called Atalante 1, in HLAA2 positive non-small cell lung cancer patients after failure from immune checkpoint inhibitors. [OSE Immunotherapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Immunovia and Global Pharmaceutical Company Agree on Early Termination of Lung Cancer Collaboration

Immunovia AB announced that the company’s Lung Cancer collaboration with a global pharmaceutical company has been terminated. [Immunovia AB] Press Release

After Claims of Sex Bias, Scientific Leader at NIH’s Child Health Institute Withdraws from New Job

Constantine Stratakis, the geneticist who directed intramural science at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development for the past decade, withdrew from a position he was slated to take in June as executive director and chief scientific officer of the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

President of Europe’s Premier Science Funder Resigns amid Criticism That He Neglected Post

The president of Europe’s most prestigious funding agency has resigned suddenly after only three months in the post – prompting fiery accusations from the organization’s governing body that he largely neglected his responsibilities. [Nature News] Editorial

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NEW Laboratory Manager – Lung Diseases (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Fellow – SARS-CoV-2 Lung Infection (Markus Bosmann)

Research Fellow – Respiratory Viruses (Queen’s University Belfast)

PhD Student – Lung Cancer (University Hospital Cologne)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Tumor Metabolism and DNA Repair (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Organoids (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lung Injury (University of Illinois at Chicago)

Research Associate – Cystic Fibrosis (Michigan State University)

Research Associate – Lung Tumors (University of Cambridge)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer Metabolism (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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