Pulmonary Cell News Volume 9.34 | Sep 3 2020

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    2020-09-03 | PULCN 9.34


    Pulmonary Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 4.30 – 3 September, 2020
    TOP STORY

    Hypoxia
    Induces Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors in Lung Cancer Cells via Upregulation of FGFR1 and the MAPK Pathway

    Hypoxia induced increased fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) expression in NSCLC cell lines H1975, HCC827 and YLR086, and knockdown of FGFR1 attenuated hypoxia-induced epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance in each line.
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract


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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    In Vitro
    Study on Aspects of Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Invasive Aspergillosis Caused by Gliotoxin and Fumagillin, Alone and in Combination

    The authors found that gliotoxin (GT) was more cytotoxic to lung epithelial cells than fumagillin (FUM), and that GT and FUM acted synergistically to inflict pathology to lung epithelial cells.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Aging
    Impairs Alveolar Epithelial Type II Cell Function in Acute Lung Injury

    Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AE2) of young mice adapted to injury by increasing intracellular surfactant volume and proliferation rate. In old mice, however, this adaptive response was compromised and AE2 of old mice showed signs of cell senescence, increased inflammatory signaling and impaired surfactant metabolism in acute lung injury.
    [American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology]

    Abstract

    HMGB1
    Enhances Epithelial Permeability via p63/TGF-β Signaling in Lung and Terminal Bronchial Epithelial Cells

    To investigate how high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) affects the barrier of normal human lung epithelial cells, monolayer cells and bronchial-like spheroid cells, which have lumen formation, were pretreated with TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor EW-7197 before treatment with HMGB1.
    [Tissue Barriers]

    Abstract

    LUNG CANCER

    FOXC1-Mediated
    LINC00301 Facilitates Tumor Progression and Triggers an Immune-Suppressing Microenvironment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Regulating the HIF1α Pathway

    Researchers revealed the oncogenic roles of LINC00301 in clinical specimens as well as cellular and animal experiments, illustrating the potential roles and mechanisms of the FOXC1/LINC00301/EZH2/EAF2/pVHL/HIF1α and FOXC1/LINC00301/miR-1276/HIF1α pathways.
    [Genome Medicine]

    Full Article

    Histone
    3 Lysine-27 Demethylase KDM6A Coordinates with KMT2B to Play an Oncogenic Role in NSCLC by Regulating H3K4me3

    In NSCLC cell lines, H3K4me3 but not H3K27me2/3 or H3K4me1/2 was markedly altered upon KDM6A or KMT2B knockdown, indicating that KDM6A may act independently of H3K27 demethylases in NSCLC.
    [Oncogene]

    Abstract

    Mitomycin C Enhanced the Efficacy of PD-L1 Blockade in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

    NSCLC cells were pre-treated with mitomycin C (MMC) and then co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells to investigate the effect of the combination of MMC with PD-L1 antibody.
    [Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]

    Full Article

    PGAM1,
    Regulated by miR-3614-5p, Functions as an Oncogene by Activating Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) Signaling in the Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

    Overexpression of miR-3614-5p attenuated non-small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion, and these effects could be partially reversed by reintroduction of phosphoglycerate mutase 1.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    Squalene
    Synthase Promotes the Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells via the Osteopontin/ERK Pathway

    Scientists report that squalene synthase induced the phosphorylation of Src and ERK1/2 via osteopontin, resulting in increased expression of MMP1 and subsequent metastasis of lung cancer cells. Based on their research, squalene synthase expression increased the expression of osteopontin and phosphorylation of Src through cholesterol synthesis to modulate the formation of lipid rafts.
    [Oncogenesis]

    Full Article

    Chaperon-Mediated
    Autophagy Receptor Modulates Tumor Growth and Chemoresistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

    Investigators found that LAMP2A knockdown in NSCLC cells suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, and increased the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. They also found that intrinsic apoptosis signaling was the mechanism of cell death involved with chaperone‐mediated autophagy blockade.
    [Cancer Science]

    Abstract


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    REVIEWS

    Contributions of Alveolar Epithelial Cell Quality Control to Pulmonary Fibrosis

    Alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells and other distal lung epithelia contain an elegant quality control (QC) network to respond to intrinsic metabolic and biosynthetic challenges imparted by mutant protein conformers, dysfunctional subcellular organelles, and dysregulated telomeres. Failed AT2 QC components result in diverse cellular endophenotypes and molecular signatures that ultimately converge to drive downstream fibrotic remodeling in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung.
    [Journal of Clinical Investigation]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Addario
    Lung Cancer Medical Institute and Biodesix Initiate Prospective Study to Predict Overall Survival Using Checkpoint Immunotherapy for Front-Line Lung Cancer in Patients with High PDL1 Expression

    Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute and Biodesix, Inc. announced they will begin an observational study to prospectively evaluate the clinical utility of biomarkers, including the proteomic Primary Immune Response test, for front-line NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy with and without the addition of systemic platinum-based chemotherapy who have high expression of program death ligand-1 on their tumor cells.
    [Biodesix, Inc.]

    Press Release


    Bicycle Therapeutics Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase IIa Trial of Bicycle® Toxin Conjugate BT1718

    Bicycle Therapeutics announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase IIa expansion portion of the Phase I/IIa trial sponsored by Cancer Research UK. The trial is evaluating BT1718 in patients with MT1-MMP-positive squamous NSCLC and a basket of other MT1-MMP-positive solid tumors.
    [Bicycle Therapeutics]

    Press Release

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    Institute for Computational Medicine – Baltimore, Maryland, United States

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    Turner Warwick Chair of Thoracic Medicine – Fibrosing Lung Disease

    National Heart and Lung Institute – London, United Kingdom

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