Vangl-Dependent Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity Signaling Mediates Collective Breast Carcinoma Motility and Distant Metastasis

Vangl1 and Vangl2 knockdown and overexpression and Wnt5a stimulation were employed to manipulate Wnt/planar cell polarity signaling in a battery of breast cancer cell lines representing all breast cancer subtypes, and in tumor organoids from MMTV-PyMT mice.