Chronic Psychological Stress Promotes Breast Cancer Pre-Metastatic Niche Formation by Mobilizing Splenic MDSCs via TAM/CXCL1 Signaling

The effects and molecular mechanisms of chronic unpredictable mild stress on modulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and pre-metastatic niche formation were clarified by multiplex immunofluorescence technique, cytokine array, chromatin immunoprecipitation, the dual-luciferase reporter assay, and breast cancer xenografts.