Exosomes from Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Gelatin Methacryloyl Inhibit Vein Graft Restenosis by Enhancing Endothelial Functions

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal MSC-derived exosomes (Exos) were evaluated via transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. hUCMSC-Exos embedded in a photosensitive GelMA hydrogel were applied topically around venous grafts in a rat model of cervical arteriovenous transplantation