Addition of Interleukin-2 Overcomes Resistance to Neoadjuvant CTLA4 and PD1 Blockade in Ex Vivo Patient Tumors

Scientists identified a low interleukin 2 gene signature associated with resistance in patients with melanoma. Therapy expanded tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and improved proinflammatory cytokine polyfunctionality of T cells in vivo.