Immune Regulations News

[Autophagy] Autophagy regulates pancreatic β cell functions by different mechanisms, although the precise role of autophagy in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not completely understood. Scientists discuss the protective and harmful roles of autophagy in the pancreatic β-cell and in the pathophysiology of T2D.

[Clinical Cancer Research] Investigators tested the efficacy of a novel non-tyrosine kinase inhibitors compound, OPB-171775, using patient-derived xenograft models of gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

[Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America] Investigators showed that the clinical development of resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi) was associated with reduced tumor expression of the melanoma suppressor autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1 (AMBRA1) and that lower expression levels of AMBRA1 predicted a poor response to MAPKi treatment.

[Developmental Cell] Scientists visualized amoeboid human melanoma cells in dense environments and found that they carved tunnels via bleb-driven degradation of extracellular matrix components without the need for proteolytic degradation.

[Breast Cancer Research and Treatment] The authors utilize a multifaceted approach to investigate the induction of ferroptosis as a therapeutic strategy for TNBC. They explore metabolic alterations, redox imbalance, and oncogenic signaling pathways to understand their roles in inducing ferroptosis, characterized by lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and altered cellular morphology.

[Breast Cancer Research and Treatment] Investigators showed potent anti-neoplastic activity of the UM171 compound on breast cancer cells and its mechanism of action. UM171-mediated growth inhibition was associated with the induction of apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, lower colony-forming capacity, and reduced motility.

[Discover Oncology] Researchers identified novel inhibitors for janus kinase 2 (JAK2) protein by performing virtual screening against FDA-approved compounds. Their results indicated that ergotamine, entrectinib, exatecan, dihydroergotamine, and paritaprevir could be used as alternative drugs for colon cancer.

[International Immunopharmacology] In prostate cancer, researchers have explored the fact that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies and MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as attractive options to improve the efficacy and safety of traditional cancer therapies.

[Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America] Scientists conducted real-time measurements of intracellular adenosine triphosphate ([ATP]i) concenration in ventricular myocytes using a genetically encoded ATP fluorescent reporter. Their data revealed rapid beat-to-beat variations in [ATP]i.

[Skeletal Muscle] Investigators generated a double-transgenic mouse model that allowed tamoxifen-inducible heme oxygenase-1 expression in Pax7 positive cells of dystrophic muscles.

[International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology] The cytotoxicity of corilagin was assessed using the CCK8 assay. mouse vascular smooth muscle cells, pre-incubated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein, underwent treatment with varying concentrations of corilagin.

[Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology] PAI-039, a specific inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and small interfering RNA were used to inhibit PAI-1 expression in cultured human smooth muscle cells.