The Ciliary Gene INPP5E Confers Dorsal Telencephalic Identity to Human Cortical Organoids by Negatively Regulating Sonic Hedgehog Signaling

Investigators showed that cilia were present on the apical surface of radial glial cells in human fetal forebrain. Interfering with cilia signaling in human organoids by mutating the INPP5E gene led to the formation of ventral telencephalic cell types instead of cortical progenitors and neurons.