The Interplay of Collagen/Bioactive Glass Nanoparticle Coatings and Electrical Stimulation Regimes Distinctly Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Scientists introduced electric field (EF) with negligible magnetic field strength through a well-characterized transformer-like coupling system, and applied EF disrupted or consecutive regime on type I collagen coatings with/without bioactive glass nanoparticles over 28 days.