First Serological Evidence of Q Fever in Large Ruminants and Its Associated Risk Factors in Punjab, Pakistan

Serological analysis revealed a 23.66% and 27.23% seroprevalence of Q fever in cattle and buffalo, respectively. Odds ratio analysis of the factors associated with C. burnetii seropositivity was performed, and a multivariable logistic model identified five main variables associated with the seropositivity for coxiellosis.