Immune Checkpoint Blockade Induces Gut Microbiota Translocation That Augments Extraintestinal Antitumor Immunity

Mechanistically, immune checkpoint therapy induced lymph node remodeling and dendritic cell activation, which facilitated the translocation of a selective subset of gut bacteria to extraintestinal tissues to promote optimal antitumor T cell responses in both the tumor-draining lymph nodes and the primary tumor.