Dynamic Changes in Heparan Sulfate Nanostructure in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation

Using expansion microscopy, researchers found striking changes in heparan sulfate (HS) nanostructure occured as human pluripotent stem cells differentiate, and these changes correlate with growth factor signaling. Imaging studies showed that undifferentiated hPS cells were densely coated with HS displayed as hair-like protrusions.