TNF-α Induced Extracellular Release of Keratinocyte High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Biomarker and Putative Mechanism of Pathogenesis

Epidermal high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release from antitumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) treated, or doxycycline-inducible RIPK3 or Bak-expressing human keratinocyte cells was determined by western blot/ELISA.