Intratumoral Dendritic Cell–CD4⁺ T Helper Cell Niches Enable CD8⁺ T Cell Differentiation Following PD-1 Blockade in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Researchers leveraged a neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 trial in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as additional samples collected from patients treated off-label, to explore correlates of response to immune checkpoint blockade within T cell-rich tumors.