Should Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Be Offered as a First-Line Disease Modifying Therapy to Patients with Multiple Sclerosis?

The available evidence on the potential role of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) as first-line treatment in aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS) and the rationale for its early use is summarized. Proposed definitions of aggressive MS that could help identify MS patients eligible for early treatment with AHSCT will also be discussed.