Enhanced Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles within Chitosan Hydrogel in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Scientists developed a safe and efficient method for the large-scale production of human umbilical cord MSC-derived extracellular vesicles while establishing a comprehensive identification protocol encompassing morphology, particle size distribution, protein expression, and purity.