PFKFB3-Driven Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Glycolysis Promotes Vascular Calcification via the Altered FoxO3 and Lactate Production

Pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 using PFK15 or knockdown of PFKFB3 ameliorated vascular calcification in vD3-overloaded mice in vivo, or attenuated high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell calcification in vitro.