SMAD4 Depletion Contributes to Endocrine Resistance by Integrating ER and ERBB Signaling in HR + HER2− Breast Cancer

Researchers investigated the role of SMAD4 in acquired endocrine resistance in hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. Functional studies demonstrated that SMAD4 depletion induced endocrine resistance in vitro and in vivo by enhancing ER and ERBB signaling.