insulin

[Life Sciences] Scientists reported that IFN-γ and insulin possessed pro-proliferative effects in breast cancer and non-cancer cell lines, respectively, which were dependent on increased ASCT2-mediated glutamine transport.

[Nature Communications] In obesity, macrophages drive a low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. Scientists reported an unexpected location and function of NOC4L, which was preferentially expressed in human and mouse macrophages.

[Nature Cancer] Investigators found that differential serine/threonine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein determined the chance to persist of lung and of head and neck cancer cells under epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition, both in vitro and in vivo.

[Nature Reviews Endocrinology] Pancreatic fat is linked to reduced insulin secretion, at least under specific circumstances such as prediabetes, low BMI and increased genetic risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This Review summarizes the possible causes and metabolic consequences of pancreatic fat accumulation.

[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] Researchers demonstrated that FRS2β, an adaptor protein expressed in a small subset of epithelial cells, triggered the proinflammatory changes that induced stroma in premalignant mammary tissues and was responsible for the disease onset.

[Nature Reviews Endocrinology] The focus of this Review is the description of how endocrine cell heterogeneity affects the regulation of hormone secretion within the islets of Langerhans.