Tag Archives: islets

Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome by McC950 Improves the Metabolic Outcome of Islet Transplantation by Suppressing IL-1β and Islet Cellular Death

NLRP3 inflammasome-related gene (Nlrp3 and Il1b) expression was upregulated in islets stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines and suppressed when incubated with MCC950.
[Scientific Reports]
Matsuoka, T., Yoshimatsu, G., Sakata, N., Kawakami, R., Tanaka, T., Yamada, T., Yoshida, Y., Hasegawa, S., & Kodama, S. (2020). Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves the metabolic outcome of islet transplantation by suppressing IL-1β and islet cellular death. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 17920. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74786-3 Cite
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Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals that CD9 Is a Negative Marker of Glucose-Responsive Pancreatic β-like Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Scientists observed more CD9+C-PEPTIDE+ β cells in the fetal than in the adult cadaveric islets and more Ki67+ proliferating cells among CD9+ fetal β cells. Their experiments showed CD9 as a cell-surface marker for negative enrichment of glucose-responsive β-like cells differentiated from human PSCs.
[Stem Cell Reports]
Li, X., Yang, K. Y., Chan, V. W., Leung, K. T., Zhang, X.-B., Wong, A. S., Chong, C. C. N., Wang, C. C., Ku, M., & Lui, K. O. (2020). Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals that CD9 Is a Negative Marker of Glucose-Responsive Pancreatic β-like Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.09.009 Cite
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Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals that CD9 Is a Negative Marker of Glucose-Responsive Pancreatic β-like Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Researchers purified β-like cells for spontaneous formation of islet-like organoids against CD9, and found significantly more NKX6.1+MAFA+C-PEPTIDE+ β-like cells in the CD9− than in the CD9+ population.
[Cell Stem Cell]
Li, X., Yang, K. Y., Chan, V. W., Leung, K. T., Zhang, X.-B., Wong, A. S., Chong, C. C. N., Wang, C. C., Ku, M., & Lui, K. O. (2020). Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals that CD9 Is a Negative Marker of Glucose-Responsive Pancreatic β-like Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.09.009 Cite
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The Efficiency of Insulin Production and Its Content in Insulin-Expressing Model β-Cells Correlate with Their Zn2+ Levels

Scientists systematically compared zinc and insulin contents in the permanent INS-1E and BRIN-BD11 β-cells and in the native rat pancreatic islets by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, specific messenger RNA and total insulin analysis.
[Open Biology]
Dzianová, P., Asai, S., Chrudinová, M., Kosinová, L., Potalitsyn, P., Šácha, P., Hadravová, R., Selicharová, I., Kříž, J., Turkenburg, J. P., Brzozowski, A. M., Jiráček, J., & Žáková, L. (n.d.). The efficiency of insulin production and its content in insulin-expressing model β-cells correlate with their Zn2+ levels. Open Biology, 10(10), 200137. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200137 Cite
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Stabler Awarded R01 Grant From the NIH NIDDKD

Congratulations to Cherie Stabler, Ph.D., professor in the J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, for receiving a $1.7 million RO1 grant from the NIH National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) for her project, “Engineering Immunomodulatory Nanoscale Coatings for Protecting Islet Transplants.”
[The University of Florida]
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SPARC Promotes Insulin Secretion through Down-Regulation of RGS4 Protein in Pancreatic β Cells

Researchers showed that SPARC enhanced the promoting effect of Muscarinic receptor agonist oxotremorine-M on insulin secretion in cultured mouse islets. Overexpression of SPARC down-regulated RGS4, a negative regulator of β-cell M3 muscarinic receptors.
[Scientific Reports]
Hu, L., He, F., Huang, M., Zhao, Q., Cheng, L., Said, N., Zhou, Z., Liu, F., & Dai, Y.-S. (2020). SPARC promotes insulin secretion through down-regulation of RGS4 protein in pancreatic β cells. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 17581. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74593-w Cite
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Paracrine Regulation of Somatostatin Secretion by Insulin and Glucagon in Mouse Pancreatic Islets

Researchers demonstrated that somatostatin and glucagon secretion were linked in a reciprocal feedback cycle with somatostatin inhibiting glucagon secretion at low and high glucose levels, and glucagon stimulating somatostatin secretion via the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors.
[Diabetologia]
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Co-impairment of Autonomic and Glucagon Responses to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in Dogs with Naturally-Occurring Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Plasma glucagon responses during hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamps (40 mg/dL) were assessed in dogs with spontaneous diabetes (n=13) and healthy non-diabetic dogs (n=6). Plasma C-peptide responses to intravenous glucagon were measured to assess endogenous insulin secretion. Plasma pancreatic polypeptide, epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured as indices of parasympathetic and sympathoadrenal autonomic responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia.
[American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism]
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P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates the Upregulated Expression of the Pancreatic Cancer-Related Genes Regenerating Islet-Derived 3 A/G in Mouse Pancreas

The effects of systemic administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on gene expression were comprehensively explored in mouse pancreas that did not demonstrate any signs of inflammation.
[International Journal of Molecular Sciences]
Hiraki, D., Uehara, O., Kuramitsu, Y., Morikawa, T., Harada, F., Yoshida, K., Akino, K., Chiba, I., Asaka, M., & Abiko, Y. (2020). P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates the Upregulated Expression of the Pancreatic Cancer-Related Genes Regenerating Islet-Derived 3 A/G in Mouse Pancreas. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(19), 7351. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197351 Cite
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IL-10 Producing Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Prolong Islet Allograft Survival

Scientist showed that IL‐33 significantly prolonged islet allograft survival. IL‐33‐treated mice had elevated numbers of ILC2s and regulatory T cells.
[EMBO Molecular Medicine]
Huang, Q., Ma, X., Wang, Y., Niu, Z., Wang, R., Yang, F., Wu, M., Liang, G., Rong, P., Wang, H., Harris, D. C., Wang, W., & Cao, Q. (2020). IL-10 producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells prolong islet allograft survival. EMBO Molecular Medicine, n/a(n/a), e12305. https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202012305 Cite
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Fluorescence Lifetime Metabolic Mapping of Hypoxia-Induced Damage in Pancreatic Pseudo-Islets

Scientists incorporated fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy into a pancreas‐on‐chip system to establish a protocol to non‐invasively assess the viability and functionality of pancreatic β‐cells in a 3D in vitro model.
[Journal of Biophotonics]
Zbinden, A., Berrio, D. A. C., Urbanczyk, M., Layland, S. L., Bosch, M., Fliri, S., Lu, C., Jeyagaran, A., Loskill, P., Duffy, G. P., & Schenke‐Layland, K. (n.d.). Fluorescence lifetime metabolic mapping of hypoxia-induced damage in pancreatic pseudo-islets. Journal of Biophotonics, n/a(n/a), e202000375. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202000375 Cite
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