Immune Regulation News Volume 14.32 | Sep 2 2022

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    2022-09-02 | IRN 14.32


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 14.32 – 2 September, 2022
    TOP STORY

    Microbiota Imbalance Induced by Dietary Sugar Disrupts Immune-Mediated Protection from Metabolic Syndrome

    Microbiota-induced Th17 cells afforded protection by regulating lipid absorption across intestinal epithelium in an IL-17-dependent manner.
    [Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Spatial Positioning and Matrix Programs of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote T Cell Exclusion in Human Lung Tumors

    It is currently accepted that cancer-associated fibroblasts participate in T cell exclusion from tumor nests. To unbiasedly test this, researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with multiplex imaging on a large cohort of lung tumors.
    [Cancer Discovery]

    Abstract

    Divergent Roles for the Gut Intraepithelial Lymphocyte GLP-1R in Control of Metabolism, Microbiota, and T Cell-Induced Inflammation

    Scientists showed that the gut IEL GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) was not required for enteroendocrine L cell GLP-1 secretion and glucose homeostasis nor for the metabolic benefits of GLP-1R agonists
    [Cell Metabolism]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    CD39+ Tissue-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells with a Clonal Overlap across Compartments Mediate Antitumor Immunity in Breast Cancer

    The authors examined the heterogeneity of CD8+ T cells in tumors, metastatic lymph nodes, and peripheral blood from patients with early breast cancer.
    [Science Immunology]

    Abstract

    Global Metabolic Profiles in a Non-Human Primate Model of Maternal Immune Activation: Implications for Neurodevelopmental Disorders

    Investigators presented the global metabolome in six peripheral tissues from 13 maternal immune activation and 10 control offspring that were confirmed to display atypical neurodevelopment, elevated immune profiles, and neuropathology.
    [Molecular Psychiatry]

    Abstract

    PD-L2 Controls Peripherally Induced Regulatory T Cells by Maintaining Metabolic Activity and Foxp3 Stability

    Researchers showed that PD-L2 deficiency prevented the induction of tolerance to ovalbumin and control of airway hyperreactivity, in particular by limiting periphery from naive Treg numbers and function.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells Require BATF to Regulate Gut Homeostasis in Mice

    BATF directly bound to the cis-regulatory elements of type 1 effector genes, restrained their chromatin accessibility, and inhibited their expression.
    [Journal of Experimental Medicine]

    Abstract

    The Phagosomal Solute Transporter SLC15A4 Promotes Inflammasome Activity via mTORC1 Signaling and Autophagy Restraint in Dendritic Cells

    The authors showed that in murine dendritic cells the lysosomal histidine/peptide solute carrier transporter SLC15A4, associated with human inflammatory disorders, was recruited to phagosomes and was required for optimal inflammasome activity after infectious or sterile stimuli.
    [EMBO Journal]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Cross-Talk between IL-6 Trans-signaling and AIM2 Inflammasome/IL-1β Axes Bridge Innate Immunity and Epithelial Apoptosis to Promote Emphysema

    Scientists investigated whether innate immune inflammasome complexes, comprising the adaptor ASC, Caspase-1 and specific pattern recognition receptors, promoted the pathogenesis of emphysema.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    Treatment with a JAK1/2 Inhibitor Ameliorates Murine Autoimmune Cholangitis Induced by IFN Overexpression

    Investigators generated a unique murine model named ARE-Del, with chronic overexpression of IFNγ, by altering IFNγ metabolism. These mice developed an immunologic and clinical profile similar to patients with primary biliary cholangitis, including high titers of autoantibodies and portal inflammation.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Full Article

    The Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin Drives Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice by Affecting Th17 Differentiation

    It was released from neutrophils, microglia, and endothelial cells throughout disease; its interaction with T cells potentiates Th17 differentiation in lymph nodes and Th17 to exTh17 plasticity and IFN-γ production in the spinal cord.
    [PLoS Biology]

    Full Article
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    REVIEWS

    Facts and Hopes in Cancer Antigens Recognized by T Cells

    Investigators review both some facts about human tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens, as well as some hopes for their future use in cancer immunotherapy.
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Therapeutic Targeting of Tumor-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells in Breast Cancer

    Scientists discuss major candidate molecules for Treg-targeted therapeutic strategies in breast cancers, detailing the pros and cons of various approaches including monoclonal antibody-mediated depletion, homeostasis destabilization, and functional blockade.
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Role of Macrophages in Wound Healing

    The authors highlight the role of the developmental origin, the link between the wound phase-specific activation state and metabolic reprogramming as well as the fate of macrophages during the resolution of the wounding response.
    [Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    FDA Approves Less Painful Formula of Humira Biosimilar for Autoimmune Disorders

    Hadlima, developed by South Korea-based biotech firm Samsung Bioepis and to be commercialized by global healthcare company Organon, became the latest medication to gain the approval of the FDA for the treatment of several disorders, including arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and plaque psoriasis.
    [Humira (Medical News Today)]

    Press Release
    FEATURED EVENT

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    September 19 – 20, 2022
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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

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    Melanoma Institute Australia – Sydney, Australia

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    STEMCELL Technologies, Inc. – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

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    University of Michigan – Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Lung Cancer and Lymphoma

    University of Cologne – Cologne, Germany

    Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer TCR Gene Therapy

    The University of Chicago – Chicago, Illinois, United States

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