Dopamine Abrogates Immunosuppression Mediated by PD-L1 of Cancer Stem Cells in a Preclinical Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Model

Using triple negative breast cancer cell lines (TNBC) and CSCs enriched from these cell lines scientists revealed that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway predominantly mediates CSC-driven immune evasion, growth, and metastasis in TNBC.