PD-1

[Experimental and Molecular Medicine] Researchers defined a new signaling pathway that regulated the transcription and expression of PD-L1 upon TGF-β treatment, which might have a significant impact on research into the application of immunotherapy in treating lung cancer.

[Science Translational Medicine] Serotonin enhanced expression of PD-L1 on mouse and human cancer cells in vitro via serotonylation, which is the formation of covalent bonds between glutamine residues and serotonin, resulting in activation of small G proteins.

[ONK Therapeutics Ltd] ONK Therapeutics Ltd announced that the US Patent and Trademark Office has granted its licensed patent that covers CISH knockout in natural killer (NK) cells, irrespective of the source of the NK cells, including, for example, human cord blood-derived and human iPSC-derived cells

[Science Advances] The authors reported that high-salt diet induces natural killer cell–mediated tumor immunity by inhibiting PD-1 expression while enhancing IFNγ and serum hippurate.

[Nature Communications] Scientists identify trafficking protein particle complex subunit 4, a major player in vesicular trafficking, as a crucial programmed death-1regulator.

[ESMO Open] An intense quest is ongoing for complementary tumour- or host-related predictive biomarkers in breast immuno-oncology. Among the upcoming biomarkers, quantity, immunophenotype and spatial distribution of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and other tumour microenvironment cells as well as immune gene signatures emerge as most promising and are being increasingly tested in clinical trials.