Tag Archives: granulocytes

A Neutrophil-Mimetic Magnetic Nanoprobe for Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Stroke-Induced Neuroinflammatio

Inspired by the specific neutrophil–endothelium interaction, investigators designed neutrophil-camouflaged magnetic nanoprobes that can be used to target activated endothelial cells for improved neuroinflammation imaging.
[Biomaterials Science]
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pH and Proton Sensor GPR65 Determine Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis

Researchers performed a phenome-wide association study and reported that the T allele of GPR65-intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism rs8005161, which reduced GPR65 signaling, showed a significant association with atopic dermatitis, in addition to inflammatory bowel diseases and asthma, as previously reported.
[Journal of Immunology]
Xie, L., McKenzie, C. I., Qu, X., Mu, Y., Wang, Q., Bing, N., Naidoo, K., Alam, M. J., Yu, D., Gong, F., Ang, C., Robert, R., Marques, F. Z., Furlotte, N., Hinds, D., Gasser, O., Team, 23andMe Research, Xavier, R. J., & Mackay, C. R. (2021). pH and Proton Sensor GPR65 Determine Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2001363 Cite
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m6A Demethylase ALKBH5 Controls CD4+ T Cell Pathogenicity and Promotes Autoimmunity

Investigators reported that m6A eraser AlkB homolog 5, but not FTO, maintained the ability of naïve CD4+ T cells to induce adoptive transfer colitis.
[Science Advances]
Zhou, J., Zhang, X., Hu, J., Qu, R., Yu, Z., Xu, H., Chen, H., Yan, L., Ding, C., Zou, Q., Ye, Y., Wang, Z., Flavell, R. A., & Li, H.-B. (2021). m6A demethylase ALKBH5 controls CD4+ T cell pathogenicity and promotes autoimmunity. Science Advances, 7(25), eabg0470. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg0470 Cite
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Plasma from Patients with Bacterial Sepsis or Severe COVID-19 Induces Suppressive Myeloid Cell Production from Hematopoietic Progenitors In Vitro

To examine the ontogeny and function of MS1 cells, researchers developed a cellular model for inducing CD14+ MS1 monocytes from healthy bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
[Science Translational Medicine]
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Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identify SDCBP in ACE2-Positive Bronchial Epithelial Cells Negatively Correlates with COVID-19 Severity

Since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-positive cells were hosts for COVID-19, researchers focussed on this cell type to explore the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19.
[Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine]
Ma, D., Liu, S., Hu, L., He, Q., Shi, W., Yan, D., Cao, Y., Zhang, G., Wang, Z., Wu, J., & Jiang, C. (n.d.). Single-cell RNA sequencing identify SDCBP in ACE2-positive bronchial epithelial cells negatively correlates with COVID-19 severity. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16714 Cite
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Multi-Omic Profiling Reveals Widespread Dysregulation of Innate Immunity and Hematopoiesis in COVID-19

Researchers performed multi-omic single-cell immune profiling of 64 COVID-19 patients across the full range of disease severity, from outpatients with mild disease to fatal cases.
[Journal of Experimental Medicine]
Wilk, A. J., Lee, M. J., Wei, B., Parks, B., Pi, R., Martínez-Colón, G. J., Ranganath, T., Zhao, N. Q., Taylor, S., Becker, W., Stanford COVID-19 Biobank, Jimenez-Morales, D., Blomkalns, A. L., O’Hara, R., Ashley, E. A., Nadeau, K. C., Yang, S., Holmes, S., Rabinovitch, M., … Blish, C. A. (2021). Multi-omic profiling reveals widespread dysregulation of innate immunity and hematopoiesis in COVID-19. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 218(8). https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20210582 Cite
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Helminth Derived Factors Inhibit Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Inflammation in Bacterial Peritonitis

Scientists reported that helminth parasite excretory/secretory factors termed as parasitic ligands inhibited ROS-induced NETs by blocking the activation of nonselective calcium permeable channel Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2.
[Scientific Reports]
Chauhan, A., Sharma, A., Tripathi, J. K., Sun, Y., Sukumran, P., Singh, B. B., Mishra, B. B., & Sharma, J. (2021). Helminth derived factors inhibit neutrophil extracellular trap formation and inflammation in bacterial peritonitis. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12718. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92001-9 Cite
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Inhibition of the DNA Damage Response Phosphatase PPM1D Reprograms Neutrophils to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immune Responses

Scientists showed that mice with genetic knockout of Ppm1d or with conditional knockout of Ppm1d in the hematopoietic system, in myeloid cells, or in neutrophils all displayed significantly reduced growth of syngeneic melanoma or lung carcinoma tumors.
[Nature Communications]
Uyanik, B., Goloudina, A. R., Akbarali, A., Grigorash, B. B., Petukhov, A. V., Singhal, S., Eruslanov, E., Chaloyard, J., Lagorgette, L., Hadi, T., Baidyuk, E. V., Sakai, H., Tessarollo, L., Ryffel, B., Mazur, S. J., Lirussi, F., Garrido, C., Appella, E., & Demidov, O. N. (2021). Inhibition of the DNA damage response phosphatase PPM1D reprograms neutrophils to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3622. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23330-6 Cite
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Necroptosis Protects against Exacerbation of Acute Pancreatitis

Researchers found that Ripk3−/− mice had significantly more severe pancreatic edema and inflammation associated with macrophage and neutrophil infiltration than control mice.
[Cell Death & Disease]
Boonchan, M., Arimochi, H., Otsuka, K., Kobayashi, T., Uehara, H., Jaroonwitchawan, T., Sasaki, Y., Tsukumo, S., & Yasutomo, K. (2021). Necroptosis protects against exacerbation of acute pancreatitis. Cell Death & Disease, 12(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03847-w Cite
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Plasma from Patients with Bacterial Sepsis or Severe COVID-19 Induces Production of Suppressive Myeloid Cells from Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells In Vitro

To examine the ontogeny and function of MS1 cells, scientists developed a cellular model for inducing CD14+ MS1 monocytes by treating human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from healthy bone marrow donors in culture with plasma from patients with severe bacterial infection or SARS-CoV-2 infection.
[Science Translational Medicine]
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Cryopreservation of Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cells: The Right Answer for Transplantations during the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Investigators compared 32 patients who underwent unrelated donor (UD) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using cryopreserved peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) during the COVID-19 pandemic with 32 patients who underwent UD HSCT using fresh PBSC in the previous period.
[Bone Marrow Transplantation]
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