Keep Current with the Latest in Cell Biology Research
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Spatial Epigenome–Transcriptome Co-profiling of Mammalian Tissues
[Nature] To further investigate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying gene expression regulation, scientists developed spatially resolved, genome-wide comapping of the epigenome and transcriptome by simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and messenger RNA expression, or histone modifications and mRNA expression on the same tissue section at the cellular level via deterministic cobarcoding.
Purification and Characterization of Human Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells
[Cell] Researchers described a method for prospectively isolating ten distinct neural stem and progenitor cell types from the developing human brain using cell-surface markers.
Mechanism of STMN2 Cryptic Splice-Polyadenylation and Its Correction for TDP-43 Proteinopathies
[Science] Scientists determined that TDP-43 binding in the first intron of the STMN2 pre-mRNA sterically blocked access of RNA processing factors that would otherwise recognize and use a cryptic 3′ splice site.
Upregulation of SYNGAP1 Expression in Mice and Human Neurons by Redirecting Alternative Splicing
[Neuron] Investigators characterized an alternative 3′ splice site (A3SS) of SYNGAP1 that induced nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mouse and human neural development. They demonstrated that PTBP1/2 directly bound to and promoted SYNGAP1 A3SS inclusion.
Cellular Mechanisms of Heterogeneity in NF2-Mutant Schwannoma
[Nature Communications] Researchers found that loss of the membrane:cytoskeleton-associated NF2 tumor suppressor, merlin, yields unstable intrinsic polarity and enables Nf2-/- Schwann cells to adopt distinct programs of ErbB ligand production and polarized signaling, suggesting a self-generated model of schwannoma heterogeneity.
Quinolinate Promotes Macrophage-Induced Immune Tolerance in Glioblastoma through the NMDAR/PPARγ Signaling Axis
[Nature Communications] Using global metabolomic profiling of patient-derived brain tumors, investigators identified the downstream metabolism of tryptophan and accumulation of quinolinate as a metabolic node in glioblastoma and demonstrate its critical role in promoting immune tolerance.
HSV-1 Cellular Model Reveals Links between Aggresome Formation and Early Step of Alzheimer’s Disease
[Translational Psychiatry] Using neuronal cells expressing the wild type form of amyloid precursor protein infected by HSV-1, scientists characterized a representative cellular model of the early stage of the sporadic form of the disease and unraveled a molecular mechanism sustaining this HSV-1- Alzheimer’s disease interplay.
iPSC-Derived Neural Precursor Cells Engineering GBA1 Recovers Acid β-Glucosidase Deficiency and Diminishes α-Synuclein and Neuropathology
[Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development] Researchers evaluated a cell therapy treatment using mouse-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural precursor cells engineered to overexpress lysosomal acid β-glucosidase.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Inhibiting the Inflammatory Activation of Microglia
[Experimental Cell Research] Investigators reported that ginsenoside Rg1 effectively suppressed the inflammatory activation of brain microglia cells under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion conditions depending on the inhibition of Toll-like receptor4 proteins.
Shaping the Brain Vasculature in Development and Disease in the Single-Cell Era
[Nature Reviews Neuroscience] The authors review the current knowledge of general and central nervous system-specific mechanisms of angiogenesis during brain development and in brain vascular malformations and brain tumors, including how key molecular signaling pathways are reactivated in vascular-dependent diseases.
Friend or Foe: Role of Pathological Tau in Neuronal Death
[Molecular Psychiatry] Scientists briefly describe the current understanding of how pathological tau exerts dual effects on neuronal death by acting as a double-edged sword in different neurological diseases.
Novartis Tafinlar + Mekinist Approved by FDA for Pediatric Patients with BRAF V600E Low-Grade Glioma, the Most Common Pediatric Brain Cancer
[Novartis] Novartis announced the US FDA granted approval for Tafinlar® + Mekinist® for the treatment of pediatric patients 1 year of age and older with low-grade glioma with a BRAF V600E mutation who require systemic therapy.