GDF15 Promotes Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis and Colonization through Osteoblastic CCL2 and RANKL Activation

Scientists evaluated growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) function using in vivo preclinical prostate cancer (PCa)-bone metastasis mouse models and an in vitro bone cell coculture system and suggested that PCa-secreted GDF15 promoted bone metastases and induced bone microarchitectural alterations in a preclinical xenograft model.