Angle-Ply Scaffold Supports Annulus Fibrosus Matrix Expression and Remodeling by Mesenchymal Stromal and Annulus Fibrosus Cells

A collagen-based, angle-ply multilaminate patch designed to repair the outer annulus fibrosus was assessed for its ability to support mesenchymal stromal and annulus fibrosus cell viability, elongation, alignment, extracellular matrix gene expression, and scaffold remodeling.