IL-6

[Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research] Lower Foxp3 and higher Bcl-6, ICOS, and PD-1 mRNA expression levels were found in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Plasma interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-21 levels were significantly increased in DCM cases.

[Translational Psychiatry] Scientists found that bilobalide inhibited Aβ-induced and STAT3-dependent expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in primary astrocyte culture.

[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy] Macrophages are among the most abundant immune cells in colorectal cancer. Differentially expressed genes were found to be enriched in unfolded protein response/endoplasmic reticulum stress response processes, and XBP1 splicing/activation was specifically observed in tumor-associated macrophages.

[Scientific Reports] 3D airway epithelial tissues allowed to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generated human-relevant toxicology data, and allowed to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants.

[Life Sciences] In order to clarify the role of endocannabinoid system receptors in wound healing, excisional wounds were created on wildtype and CB1 and CB2 knockout mice.

[Immunity] The authors found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate + ionomycin stimulation, together with interleukin-6, potently induced T follicular helper cell-like transcriptomic programs in vitro.