TNF-α

[Scientific Reports] Through in vitro experiments, scientists found that genistein reduced IL-17A and TNF-α induced MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K activation in normal human epidermal keratinocytes.

[Journal of Nanobiotechnology] Effects of CD73+ human umbilical cord MSC-EVs on hydrolyzing ATP into adenosine were detected. The polarization of M2/M1 was verified by immunofluorescence.

[Cell Death Discovery] The authors showed dual regulatory functions of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in attenuating hepatic fibrosis by promoting Ly6Chi/Ly6Clo subset conversion and Ly6Clo macrophage restoration through secreting antifibrogenic-cytokines and activating the apoptotic pathway.

[Scientific Reports] Investigators analyzed expression of DNAM-1 in leukemic cells of AML patients. Interaction of DNAM-1 with its ligands CD112 and CD155 induced release of the immunomodulatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 IL-10 and TNF-α by AML cells and DNAM-1 expression correlated with a more differentiated phenotype.

[Scientific Reports] Scientists investigated the effect of 2ʹ(3ʹ)-O-(4-benzoyl benzoyl) ATP (BzATP) on the production of inflammatory cytokines in both monocyte-generated and M1 macrophages from patients and controls.

[Stem Cells] Investigators demonstrated that treatment of liver fibrosis with both human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophage populations and especially M2 subtype significantly reduced fibrogenic gene expression and disease associated histological markers in immunodeficient Rag2−/−γc−/− mice model, making this approach a promising cell-based avenue to ameliorate fibrosis.