TLR7 Sensing by Neutrophils Is Critical for the Control of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Leishmania-infected Tlr7^−/− mice developed a chronic unhealing lesion, despite Th1 cell differentiation, and scientists showed that Tlr7^−/− neutrophils alone mediated this effect. Conversely, topical treatment with a TLR7 agonist early in infection induced smaller lesion development than in untreated mice.